Fig 1.
* Sport and other recreational activities (45), Faith, culture, or identity (40), Transport—airports, trains, roads (36), Finance or banking (29), Cities, regions, or places (27) Environment, conservation, or sustainability (24), Education—school, university, subjects (22), Energy, chemicals, oils or gases (22), Children or young people (20), Infrastructure, housing or property (19), Defence or security (18), Crime, corruption, or policing (17), Trade or Brexit (15), Equality, diversity, or human rights (13), Technology or media (13), TV, radio, or music (13), Business (12), Law (12), Parliamentary processes, government, or councils (11), Animals and animal welfare (10), International collaborations and relations or foreign affairs (10), Economic or social growth and development (9), People and society (9), Employment (8), Agriculture and farming (7), Art or other creative activities (7), Industries—manufacturing, engineering, manual labour (7), Charities or charitable work (6), Communities and societies (6), Democracy (6), Migration and immigration (6), Science, policy, or analysis (6), Water (6), Family (5), Food and drink—not health focused (5), Governance (5), Hospitality—e.g. catering, tourism (5), Public spaces or services (5), Retail and sales (5), Sexual or domestic violence (5), Alcohol (4), Industries—raw materials (4), Ports, ships, or sailing (4), Poverty (4), Publishing, design, printing, or writing (4), Safety or safeguarding (4), Beauty and fashion (3), Adoption or fostering (2), Events (2), History (2), Taxation (1).
Fig 2.
Different types of ties between pharmaceutical companies and APPGs.
Table 1.
Overview of all payments received by health related APPGs between 2012–2018.
Table 2.
Direct payments from pharmaceutical companies received by health related APPGs.
Table 3.
Total number and value of indirect payments from pharmaceutical companies as a proportion of all indirect payments (2012–2018).
Table 4.
Top 10 pharmaceutical company donors by value of payments.
Table 5.
Top 10 pharmaceutical-industry funded patient organisations by value of payments provided to APPGs.
Table 6.
Direct and indirect payments from pharmaceutical companies and patient organisations funded by pharmaceutical companies.