Fig 1.
Stock and flow prototype diagram for a church population (S1 Fig).
Fig 2.
Variations in passive believers and church members based on s = 1, 2, and 3. Solid lines depict passive believers, and the dotted lines denote church members (S2 Fig).
Fig 3.
Population of church members (thin line) and passive believers (thick line) for disciple rate δ = 0.25, 0.33, and 0.5 in the ABM framework with sustainable potential s = 1 (S3 Fig).
Fig 4.
Extended stock and flow diagram for a church population extended to apply to real church population resources (S4 Fig).
Fig 5.
The real birth and death rates for South Korea between 1995 and 2018 are depicted by solid squares and solid circles, respectively.
The historical population of the PCK is illustrated with the bar graph (S5 Fig).
Table 1.
Parameters and values of model.
Fig 6.
Schematic for obtaining the sustainable potential from church-related sustainability indicators (S6 Fig).
Fig 7.
(a) The time-dependent sustainable potential from sustainability measurements (S7 Fig). (b) Simulated church members for time-dependent sustainable potential (red solid circles), and the church population of the PCK (solid squares) (S8 Fig).
Fig 8.
Baseline scenario (solid line) with s = 1 and fc = 0.01 compared to the historical population of the PCK from 1995 to 2018 (solid squares).
Scenario 1 for s = 1.2 is shown with cyan and green solid lines, when fc = 0.05 and 0.1, respectively. Scenario 2 for s = 1.3 appears with blue and red solid lines when fc = 0.05 and 0.1, respectively (S9 Fig).