Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of patients in prediction of mechanical ventilation.
Fig 1.
ROC curves mechanical ventilation prediction (AUC 68%).
Table 2.
Confusion matrix of prediction of mechanical ventilation in patients before 4/17 (accuracy: 82.4%).
Table 3.
Confusion matrix of prediction of mechanical ventilation in patients between 4/17 and 5/5 (accuracy: 86.2%).
Fig 2.
Feature Importance Ranking in mechanical ventilation prediction.
This ranking measures impacts of features on prediction in descending order. Alcohol: alcohol history. BMI: body mass index. Smoking: smoking. dBP: first measurement of diastolic blood pressure at ER. DM: history of diabetes mellitus. Heart: history of heart disease. Kidney: history of kidney disease. Liver: history of Liver disease. Lung: history of lung disease. Respiration: first measurement of respiration rate at ER. Pulse: first measurement of pulse at ER. sBP: first measurement of systolic blood pressure at ER. Smoking: smoking history. SpO2: first measurement of blood oxygen saturation at ER. Temp: first measurement of temperature at ER.
Fig 3.
Global view of feature impact on mechanical ventilation prediction.
Features are ranked in descending order of their accountability for the prediction. Each dot in the visualization represents one datapoint of a feature. Its color is related to the real data value: high value in red and low value in blue. The impact of each value is associated with higher or lower prediction, represented by SHAP values on x-axis. BMI: body mass index. Smoking: smoking. dBP: first measurement of diastolic blood pressure at ER. DM: history of diabetes mellitus. Heart: history of heart disease. Kidney: history of kidney disease. Liver: history of Liver disease. Lung: history of lung disease. Respiration: first measurement of respiration rate at ER. Pulse: first measurement of pulse at ER. sBP: first measurement of systolic blood pressure at ER. Smoking: smoking history. SpO2: first measurement of blood oxygen saturation at ER. Temp: first measurement of temperature at ER.
Table 4.
Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients for mortality prediction.
Fig 4.
ROC curve of mortality prediction (AUC: 90%).
Fig 5.
ROC of mortality prediction in balanced patient cohort (AUC: 86%).
Table 5.
Confusion matrix for mortality prediction in COVID-19 patients (accuracy: 88.3%).
Table 6.
Confusion matrix of prediction of mortality in COVID-19 patients (downsampled for balanced patient cohort) (accuracy: 80.3%).
Fig 6.
Feature importance ranking in mortality prediction.
This ranking measures impacts of features on prediction in descending order. BMI: body mass index. Cancer: history of cancer. dBP: first measurement of diastolic blood pressure at ER. DM: history of diabetes mellitus. Heart: history of heart disease. HTN: history of hypertension. ICU_adm: whether a patient was admitted into ICU or not. LOS: length of stay in hospital. Pulse: first measurement of pulse at ER. Pressors: if a patient received vasopressor treatment. Respiration: first measurement of respiration rate at ER. sBP: first measurement of systolic blood pressure at ER. Steroid: whether a patient received steroid treatment. Steroid_dur: duration of steroid treatment. tAC: if a patient received anticoagulation treatment. tAC_dur: duration of anti-coagulation treatment. Temp: first measurement of temperature at ER. Vented: where a patient was mechanically vented or not.
Fig 7.
Global view of feature impact on mortality prediction.
Features are ranked in descending order of their accountability for the prediction. Each dot in the visualization represents one datapoint of a feature. Its color is related to the real data value: high value in red and low value in blue. BMI: body mass index. Cancer: history of cancer. dBP: first measurement of diastolic blood pressure at ER. DM: history of diabetes mellitus. Heart: history of heart disease. HTN: history of hypertension. ICU_adm: whether a patient was admitted into ICU or not. LOS: length of stay in hospital. Pulse: first measurement of pulse at ER. Pressors: if a patient received vasopressor treatment. Respiration: first measurement of respiration rate at ER. sBP: first measurement of systolic blood pressure at ER. Steroid: whether a patient received steroid treatment. Steroid_dur: duration of steroid treatment. tAC: if a patient received anticoagulation treatment. tAC_dur: duration of anti-coagulation treatment. Temp: first measurement of temperature at ER. Vented: where a patient was mechanically vented or not.