Fig 1.
Stadium attendance professional football; England, Germany, Italy; 1956/57-2018/19 (1000).
Fig 2.
Stadium attendance professional football; Belgium, France, The Netherlands; 1956/57-2018/19 (1000).
Table 1.
Pairwise correlations annual seasonal attendances.
Table 2.
Summary statistics by club; 1956/57—2018/19.
Table 3.
Data descriptives; 1956/57—2018/19.
Fig 3.
Unemployment rate (%) and arrests; 1956-2018.
Fig 4.
Cinema visits; 1956-2018.
Table 4.
Parameter estimates stadium attendance; first stage—club-specific effects.
Table 5.
Parameter estimates stadium attendance; second stage—seasonal effects.
Table 6.
Parameter estimates stadium attendance; average annual attendance top leagues; 1963/64-2018/19.
Fig 5.
Stadium attendance professional football Netherlands; actual and predicted attendance; 1963/64-2018/19 (1000).
Fig 6.
Stadium attendance professional football England; actual and predicted attendance; 1963/64-2018/19 (1000).
Fig 7.
Stadium attendance professional football Germany; actual and predicted attendance; 1963/64-2018/19 (1000).
Fig 8.
Stadium attendance professional football Belgium; actual and predicted attendance; 1963/64-2018/19 (1000).
Fig 9.
Stadium attendance professional football; actual and predicted attendance France; 1963/64-2018/19 (1000).