Fig 1.
Growth of T. erecta at different R. typhina root extract concentration after 60 days.
CK, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 represent different extract concentrations of 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 mg·mL-1, respectively.
Table 1.
Growth of Tagetes erecta plants in response to different concentrations of Rhus typhina root extract.
Table 2.
Soil physicochemical responses to different concentrations of R. typhina root extract.
Fig 2.
Variation in average well color development (AWCD) of soil microbes at different R. typhina root extract concentration over time.
CK, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 represent different extract concentrations of 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 mg·mL-1, respectively. Values represent means ± standard deviation.
Fig 3.
Substrate utilization patterns of different carbon source by soil microbial community after 180 h of incubation in the Biolog Eco-plates at different R. typhina root extract concentrations.
Values represent means ± standard deviation (n = 15). Significant differences between carbon sources utilization are indicated with capital letters (A-C; P < 0.05); significant differences between treatments of concentration are indicated with lowercase letters (a-c; P < 0.05).
Fig 4.
Diversity and evenness indices of soil microbial communities.
H’: Shannon index; D: Simpson diversity index; E: Pielou evenness index. Values represent means ± standard deviation (n = 15). Significant differences between treatments are indicated with lowercase letters (a-c; P < 0.05).
Fig 5.
RDA based on AWCD and soil properties (left) and six carbon source utilization and soil properties(right) among different extract concentration treatments. Symbols indicate concentrations (circle: 0 g‧mL-1, triangle: 2.5 mg‧mL-1, diamond: 5 mg‧mL-1, square: 7.5 mg‧mL-1, star: 10 mg‧mL-1). SWC: soil water content, EC: electrical conductivity, TN: total nitrogen, SOC: soil organic carbon and C/N: C: N ratio.