Fig 1.
CONSORT flow diagram.
Fig 2.
Exercises demonstration for major right thoracic curves.
a: a major right thoracic (T4 to 12) with a Cobb angle of 30 degrees. b: posterior posture view of the participant. c: short semihanging with caudal-cranial spine lengthening. d: corrective exercise in side-lying with shoulder counter traction. e: corrective exercise in sitting with pelvic pulling strategy on the side of weak point and shoulder counter traction. f: corrective exercise in standing with pelvic derotation and shoulder counter traction.
Fig 3.
Exercises demonstration for major left lumbar curves.
a: a major left lumbar curve (T12 to L4) with a Cobb angle of 48 degrees. b: posterior posture view of the participant. c: short semihanging with caudal-cranial spine lengthening. d: corrective exercise in side-lying with passive correction on the lumbar prominence. e: corrective exercise in standing with shoulder counter traction. f: muscle cylinder in standing for opening lumbar concavity. g: corrective exercise in sitting with shoulder counter traction.
Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants.
Table 2.
Per-protocol repeated measures of Cobb angles over four testing time points.
Table 3.
Descriptive statistics of demographic and radiographic variables at the 2-year follow-up.
Fig 4.
Radiographic assessment (posterior anterior view) of one participant with a single left lumbar scoliosis who refused brace treatment for cosmetic reasons.
a: an initial Cobb angle of 31 degrees from T12 to L4. b: a Cobb angle of 23 degrees from T12 to L4 at the 1.5-year of follow-up.
Fig 5.
Radiographic assessment (posterior anterior view) of one participant with a single right thoracolumbar scoliosis who refused brace treatment for cosmetic reasons.
a: an initial Cobb angle of 44 degrees from T5 to L2. b: a Cobb angle of 31 degrees from T5 to L2 at the two-year follow-up.