Fig 1.
Average Big Five z-scores of personality types found in previous literature.
Average Big Five z-scores of personality types based on clustering of FFM datasets with N ≥ 199 that were replicated at least once. Error bars indicate the standard deviation of the repective trait within the respective personality type found in the literature [5, 6, 10, 22–25, 27–31, 33–36, 38, 39, 41].
Table 1.
Sample characteristics.
Fig 2.
Schematic overview of the procedure to determine the best fitting personality type solution.
LPA = latent profile analysis, SVM = Support Vector Machine.
Table 2.
Averaged Cohen’s kappa values for all cluster solutions with 3–10 clusters.
Table 3.
Internal and external validity criterion values for the 3-, 4-, and 5-cluster solutions generated by the different clustering methods.
Table 4.
Pearson correlations between the inversed Euclidean distances of personality types constructed on the Big Five assessed in 2005 and patience, risk-taking, spontaneity/impulsivity, locus of control, self-esteem, wellbeing and health assessed longitudinally between 2008 and 2010.
Table 5.
Pearson correlations between Big Five scores assessed in 2005 and patience, risk-taking, spontaneity/impulsivity, locus of control, self-esteem, wellbeing and health assessed longitudinally.
Fig 3.
Mean Big Five values of the five cluster solution calculated with the Ward followed by k- means, the spectral and latent profile analysis clustering algorithm.