Fig 1.
Study selection of the meta-analysis.
Fig 2.
Daily new cases of COVID-19 and publication dates of included papers by by six World Health Organization regions and time.
Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of studies included in the meta-analysis.
Fig 3.
Forest plot of the association between gender (women versus men) and A) anxiety and B) depression. The size of the data markers indicates the weight of the study, which is the inverse variance of the effect estimate. The diamond data markers indicate the pooled ORs.
Fig 4.
Forest plot of the association between age (younger vs. older) and A) anxiety and B) depression. The size of the data markers indicates the weight of the study, which is the inverse variance of the effect estimate. The diamond data markers indicate the pooled ORs.
Fig 5.
Forest plot of associations between education (lower vs. higher) and A) anxiety and B) depression. The size of the data markers indicates the weight of the study, which is the inverse variance of the effect estimate. The diamond data markers indicate the pooled ORs.
Fig 6.
Forest plot of associations between income (lower vs. higher) and A) anxiety and B) depression. The size of the data markers indicates the weight of the study, which is the inverse variance of the effect estimate. The diamond data markers indicate the pooled ORs.
Fig 7.
Forest plot of associations between employment (yes vs. no) and A) anxiety and B) depression. The size of the data markers indicates the weight of the study, which is the inverse variance of the effect estimate. The diamond data markers indicate the pooled ORs.
Fig 8.
Forest plot of the association between residential area (rural vs. urban) and A) anxiety and B) depression. The size of the data markers indicates the weight of the study, which is the inverse variance of the effect estimate. The diamond data markers indicate the pooled ORs.