Fig 1.
Topologies from molecular phylogenies of Chiroxiphia and Antilophia.
(A) Phylogeny by Silva et al. [25], and (B) Phylogeny by Leite et al. in revision (the molecular phylogenies were kindly shared by the authors).
Fig 2.
Occurrence locations and projected distributions for Chiroxiphia and Antilophia manakins.
(C. boliviana, n = 66 presence records; C. caudata, n = 146; C. lanceolata, n = 93, C. linearis, n = 81, C. pareola napensis, n = 16; C. pareola regina, n = 17; C. pareola pareola, n = 74, Antilophia galeata, n = 40, A. bokermanni, n = 9). The shaded areas constitute binary projected distributions (suitable vs. unsuitable) based on a 10th-percentile threshold (see Methods, and S1 Fig for continuous suitability distributions). This map was made in ArcGIS 10.7 using the resulting rasters produced by Maxent (see S1 Table for more details).
Table 1.
Test AUC values and AUC ratios (partial AUC) from species distribution models using two approaches: (I) Using other taxa as test data for evaluating C. boliviana; and (II) Using C. boliviana as test data for evaluating other taxa (values of more than 0.7 are in bold).
Refer to S3 Table for training AUC values. Manakin species: Cbol (C. boliviana), Cpnap (C. pareola napensis), Cpreg (C. pareola regina), Cppar (C. pareola pareola), Ccau (C. caudata), Clan (C. lanceolata), Clin (C. linearis), Agal (Antilophia galeata), and Abok (A. bokermanni).
Table 2.
Analyses of niche overlap, niche equivalency and niche similarity of Chiroxiphia and Antilophia manakins, following Broennimann et al. [26].
Niche overlap measures levels of intersection between two species’ ranges, niche equivalency measures whether the niche overlap is constant when randomly reallocating occurrences of both species between their two ranges, and niche similarity asks whether one species’ niche can predict the occurrence of the other.
Fig 3.
Scatter plots showing the relationship between niche overlap (x axis) and patristic distance (y axis). Patristic distances were calculated from time-calibrated trees obtained from the Silva phylogeny (A) and the Leite phylogeny (B).