Fig 1.
Flowchart of the study population.
TB: pulmonary tuberculosis, DM: diabetes mellitus, PDM: prediabetes.
Table 1.
Baseline epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the study population.
Table 2.
M. tuberculosis lineage distributions of the study population.
Fig 2.
Frequency distribution of M. tuberculosis strain lineages among TB patients with diabetes, prediabetes and normal glucose levels (normoglycemic).
Bar diagrams show the frequency in percentage of each lineage in each of these three categories. M. tuberculosis strain lineage assignments were based on 24-MIRU-VNTR analysis and whole genome sequencing (see method). The lineages H37Rv, X, Ghana, S, S-type were grouped under the label of “others” as the corresponding strains are very few in numbers.
Table 3.
Factors associated with TB patients affected with diabetes mellitus or prediabetes.
Fig 3.
Cluster analysis of M. tuberculosis from clinical isolates of the study population.
The MTB assignment and clustering analysis are based only on mycobacteria interspersed repetitive unit variable number tandem repeat analysis profiles among patients with tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus (TB-DM) (in red), patients with tuberculosis and prediabetes (TB-PDM) (in green) and patients with just TB alone (in blue). Some MTB isolates have shared clades and may be due to the presence of amplicons not determined by MIRU-VNTR and the most likely value assignment by JMP 13.0 software (SAS, Cary, NC, USA) has allowed limited discrimination; so WGS was necessary to confirm MTB lineages.