Fig 1.
Contour-drawings of real scenes generated by the AR device used in this study.
Copy-righted parts in the images have been blacked out.
Fig 2.
(A) Regions of two image segments (blue and red) taken from the contour-drawing IC, or from the grayscale-image IG, and (B) an image composed of these segments on the LCD screen.
These regions are horizontal translations of one another for ΔS in IG and IC.
Fig 3.
The AR device used in this study with its shutter panel closed (left) and opened (right).
Fig 4.
Gray-scale images and contour-drawings of 12 prism-shaped objects on a tray (left) and the box with 12 holes (right) used in Experiment 1.
The shapes of the holes corresponded to the 12 individual objects.
Fig 5.
The results obtained in Experiment 1.
The ordinate shows the response time and the abscissa shows the trials. The colors of the plots represent the image filters and the styles of the plots represent the groups of participants. The error bars show the standard errors across the participants. The 95 percent confidence intervals based on the t-distribution are 2.45 times of the standard errors (CDFt−1(p = 0.975, n = 6) = 2.45).
Fig 6.
(A) 4 collections of animal toys used in Experiment 2: pulp-paper (left-top), stuffed (right-top), plastic-cartoon-like (left bottom), and plastic-realistic (right-bottom) animals. (B) The collection of toy animals on the tray, and the open box as they were arranged on the desk before each trial.
Fig 7.
Gray-scale images and contour-drawings of several samples taken from the 4 collections of animal toys used in Experiment 2.
Fig 8.
The two panels of bar-graphs show the results obtained with both kinds of filters, i.e., contour-drawing and grayscale-image.
The ordinate shows the response time. The abscissa shows the collections of toy animals. The brightness of the bars represents represent the two groups. The error bars show the standard errors across the participants. The 95 percent confidence intervals based on the t-distribution are 2.45 times of the standard errors (CDFt−1(p = 0.975, n = 6) = 2.45).
Fig 9.
(A) A collection of 7 objects on a tray, and the open box as it was arranged on the desk before each trial of the tongs task in Experiment 3. (B) The 3 collections of objects used for the tongs task: plastic animals (left), wooden geometrical objects (middle), and plastic fruits-and-vegetables (right). (C) A gray-scale image and contour-drawing of the objects on the tray.
Fig 10.
(A) The bricks and the stand as they were arranged on the desk before each trial of the brick task in Experiment 3. (B) A gray-scale image and contour-drawing of the 4 layers of 3 bricks built from the 12 bricks on the stand. Copy-righted parts in the images have been blacked out.
Fig 11.
(A) The results of the tongs task obtained in Experiment 1. The ordinate shows the response time and the abscissa shows the collections of objects. The colors of the plots represent the image filters. The error bars show the standard errors across the participants. The 95 percent confidence intervals based on the t-distribution are 2.18 times of the standard errors (CDFt−1(p = 0.975, n = 12) = 2.18). (B) The results of the brick task obtained in Experiment 3. The ordinate shows the response time and the abscissa shows the trials. The colors of the plots represent the image filters. The error bars show the standard errors across the participants. The 95 percent confidence intervals based on the t-distribution are 2.18 times of the standard errors (CDFt−1(p = 0.975, n = 12) = 2.18).
Table 1.
Response times (sec) of MF and TS, under a more natural viewing condition, measured in sessions run when the AR device was not worn.
The response time with the two image filters in Experiments 1, 2, and 3 are also shown for comparison (average ± standard error).