Fig 1.
Examples scenes of the game-based and non-game-based task version.
Exemplary screenshots of the game-based version (A) and the non-game-based version (B) of the number line estimation task when receiving positive feedback after correct estimation.
Fig 2.
Position of the optode probe set on the head of participants.
(A) Placement of the 22 NIRS channels on the forehead. (B) Positions of the nine regions of interests (ROIs). (C) Channel configuration and positions of the emitters (red circles) and detectors (blue circles) of the optode probe set (3x5). Numbers in the white rectangles represent the respective NIRS channel number.
Table 1.
Anatomic labeling of NIRS channel positions (MNI coordinates) and merged regions of interests (ROI).
Fig 3.
Topographical distribution of oxy- and deoxy-Hb during the game-based and non-game-based version.
Table 2.
Results of topographical analysis after FDR correction.
Fig 4.
Means and SE of oxy-Hb in the 9 regions of interests (ROI), presented separately for the game-based and non-game-based version. ROI 1: left orbitofrontal cortex; ROI 2: right orbitofrontal cortex; ROI 3: left middle/inferior frontal cortex; ROI 4: left superior frontal cortex; ROI 5: medial superior frontal cortex; ROI 6: right superior frontal cortex; ROI 7: right middle/inferior frontal cortex; ROI 8: left middle/superior frontal cortex; ROI 9: right middle/superior frontal cortex.
Fig 5.
Means and SE of deoxy-Hb in the 9 regions of interests (ROI), presented separately for the game-based and non-game-based version. ROI 1: left orbitofrontal cortex; ROI 2: right orbitofrontal cortex; ROI 3: left middle/inferior frontal cortex; ROI 4: left superior frontal cortex; ROI 5: medial superior frontal cortex; ROI 6: right superior frontal cortex; ROI 7: right middle/inferior frontal cortex; ROI 8: left middle/superior frontal cortex; ROI 9: right middle/superior frontal cortex.
Fig 6.
NIRS time course of oxy-Hb (upper panel) and deoxy-Hb (lower panel) during the game-based (left panel) and non-game-based (right panel) version, presented separately for each of the nine regions of interests (ROI). ROI 1: left orbitofrontal cortex; ROI 2: right orbitofrontal cortex; ROI 3: left middle/inferior frontal cortex; ROI 4: left superior frontal cortex; ROI 5: medial superior frontal cortex; ROI 6: right superior frontal cortex; ROI 7: right middle/inferior frontal cortex; ROI 8: left middle/superior frontal cortex; ROI 9: right middle/superior frontal cortex.
Table 3.
Behavioral and user experience data (means and SE) and results of the statistical comparison between the game-based and non-game-based task version.