Fig 1.
Patient participant flow diagram.
Fig 2.
Visual representation of the a) CAM-ICU-7 and b) ICDSC as measurements of the spectrum of delirium severity. If a patient exhibits less than clinical symptoms of delirium (i.e., negative CAM-ICU-7 and one of the CAM-ICU features [acute change, fluctuating course, altered level of consciousness, disorganized thinking] or 1–3 items on the ICDSC [altered level of consciousness, inattention, disorientation, hallucination/delusion/psychosis, psychomotor agitation or retardation, inappropriate mood or speech, sleep wake cycle, fluctuations), less than clinical threshold symptoms of delirium (commonly referred to as subsyndromal delirium) is present (light pink box). A patient is considered to screen positive for delirium if their CAM-ICU-7 score is greater than or equal to three or their ICDSC score is greater than or equal to four (red box).
Table 1.
Characteristics of the study sample (n = 218).
Table 2.
Correlation between CAM-ICU-7 and ICDSC as delirium measures.
Table 3.
Frequency of ICDSC items reported in patients with less than clinical threshold symptoms of delirium (n = 292).
Fig 3.
Median length of mechanical ventilation by type of delirium measured by the a) CAM-ICU-7 and b) ICDSC. Boxes indicate the first quartile, median (labeled) and third quartile. Circles indicate the outliers. One extreme outlier (3,399 hours) for mechanical ventilation is not shown. Median length of ICU stay by type of delirium measured by the c) CAM-ICU-7 and d) ICDSC. Boxes indicate the first quartile, median (labeled) and third quartile. Circles indicate the outliers. One extreme outlier (237 days) is not shown.
Table 4.
Unadjusted, adjusted and stratified odds ratio estimates associations between prolonged length of ICU stay (≥7 days) or mechanical ventilation (ever/never, ≥96 hours) and CAM-ICU-7 score.
Table 5.
Unadjusted, adjusted and stratified odds ratio estimates associations between prolonged length of ICU stay (≥7 days) or mechanical ventilation (ever/ never) and ICDSC score.