Table 1.
Profile of urethritis-associated sexually transmitted infections (STI) defined by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method among the male patients consulting an andrologist after high-risk sexual behavior or for prophylactic control or fertility check.
Fig 1.
The distribution of leucocytes in first-voided urine according to flow cytometry among urethritis-associated STI-positive patients according to each STI pathogen, by concentration of leucocytes (A) and total count of leucocytes (B).
Concentration of leucocytes per 1 μl of first-voided urine. Only STI monoinfections are displayed, 17 cases with combined STI have been excluded. For Fig 1A patients with and without sample volume were included. For Fig 1B only patients with sample volume were included (excluding 81 patients with monoinfectious STI: 55 cases with C. trachomatis, 19 cases with M. genitalium, 7 cases with N. gonorrhoeae). Mann-Whitney test with Bonferroni correction for 10 tests [A: Control vs. N. gonorrhoeae, B: Control vs. C. trachomatis, C: Control vs. M. genitalium, D: Control vs. T. vaginalis, E: N. gonorrhoeae vs. C. trachomatis, F: N. gonorrhoeae vs. M. genitalium, G: N. gonorrhoeae vs. T. vaginalis, H: C. trachomatis vs. M. genitalium, I: C. trachomatis vs. T. vaginalis, J: M. genitalium vs. T. vaginalis]. A, B, C, E, F, G—p<0.005.
Fig 2.
The distribution of bacteria in first-voided urine according to flow cytometry in case of each urethritis-associated STI pathogen.
Concentration of bacteria (A) and total count of bacteria (B). Concentration of bacteria per 1 μl of first-voided urine. Only STI monoinfections are displayed, 17 cases with combined STI have been excluded. For Fig 1A patients with and without sample volume were included. For Fig 1B only patients with sample volume were included (excluding 81 patients with monoinfectious STI: 55 cases with C. trachomatis, 19 cases with M. genitalium, 7 cases with N. gonorrhoeae). Mann-Whitney test with Bonferroni correction for 10 tests [A: Control vs. N. gonorrhoeae, B: Control vs. C. trachomatis, C: Control vs. M. genitalium, D: Control vs. T. vaginalis, E: N. gonorrhoeae vs. C. trachomatis, F: N. gonorrhoeae vs. M. genitalium, G: N. gonorrhoeae vs. T. vaginalis, H: C. trachomatis vs. M. genitalium, I: C. trachomatis vs. T. vaginalis, J: M. genitalium vs. T. vaginalis]. A, B, C, E, F—p<0.005.
Table 2.
Basic parameters of study subjects (median (range); 25th centile; 75th centile).
Fig 3.
A. Correlation between flow-cytometric concentrations of leucocytes and bacteria in C. trachomatis, N. gonorrhoeae, M. genitalium and T. vaginalis monoinfection positive cases. B. Correlation between flow-cytometric total counts of leucocytes and bacteria in C. trachomatis, N. gonorrhoeae, T. vaginalis and M. genitalium monoinfection positive cases. Only STI monoinfections are displayed, 17 cases with combined STI have been excluded. Abbreviations: r—Spearman correlation, *** p < 0.001; ** p < 0.01.
Table 3.
Proportion of urethritis-associated STI positive cases without inflammation in first-voided urine (leucocytes < 15/μl and bacteria < 20/μl) miss rate and sensitivity.