Fig 1.
Scanning electron microscopy of the eggs of Migonemyia migonei.
(A) general view of the egg showing an ornamentation characterized by the presence of ridges arranged in a polygonal pattern (Scale bar: 50 μm). (B) eggshell ornamentation showing detail of the ridges (Scale bar: 10 μm), rpp—ridges polygonal pattern.
Fig 2.
Scanning electron microscopy of the fourth and first instar larvae of Migonemyia migonei.
(A) observation of first (1st) and fourth (4th) instar larvae, showing the number of body segments and caudal filaments, dorsal view, cf—caudal filaments; h—head; pt—prothorax; mst—mesothorax; mtt—metathorax (Scale bar: 200μm). (B) higher magnification of the surface of the caudal filament showing pores implanted between non-parallel, interconnected and overlapping ridges, rdg—ridges; po—pores (Scale bar: 5μm).
Fig 3.
Scanning electron microscopy of the larva of Migonemyia migonei.
(A) Head of the fourth instar larva in dorsal and ventral view. (B) Long trichoid sensilla observed at the apex of the head (lts) and short trichoid sensilla on the mouthparts (arrow) (A and B scale bars: 20 μm). (C) Head of first instar in dorsal view. Forehead exhibits two weakly brush-like trichoid sensilla (wb-lts) inserted between and slightly forward of the antennae (ant), and long trichoid sensilla (lts) that are inserted further down toward the mouthparts (Scale bar: 20 μm). (D) eb—egg buster; cl—clipeo; md—mandible; ma—maxilla; m—mentum. The setae were numbered according to the chaetotaxy proposed herein: (1 = wb-lts) frontoclipeal anterior setae (weakly brush-like trichoid sensilla); (2 = b-lts) frontoclipeal posterior setae with barbed shape (brush-like trichoid sensilla); (3 = lts) the genal anterior setae with a simple spine form (long and bare trichoid sensilla); (4) the genal medial and (5) genal posterior setae are barbed and brush-like (4 and 5 = brush-like trichoid sensilla); and, in the ventral part (B), (6) the postgenal and (7) subgenal setae are simple (6 and 7 = bare trichoid sensilla).
Table 1.
Head (setae number, type of setae, size of the setae in μm, N = 4) of the fourth to first instar larvae of Migonemyia migonei.
Table 2.
Prothorax (setae number, type of setae, size of the setae in μm, N = 4) of the fourth to first instar larvae of Migonemyia migonei.
Table 3.
Meso and metathorax (setae number, type of setae, size of the setae in μm, N = 4) of the fourth to first instar larvae of Migonemyia migonei.
Table 4.
Abdominal segments I-VII (setae number, type of setae, size of the setae in μm, N = 4) of the fourth to first instar larvae of Migonemyia migonei.
Table 5.
Abdominal segment VIII (setae number, type of setae, size of the setae in μm, N = 4) of the fourth to first instar larvae of Migonemyia migonei.
Table 6.
Abdominal segment IX (setae number, type of setae, size of the setae in μm, N = 4) of the fourth to first instar larvae of Migonemyia migonei.
Fig 4.
Scanning electron microscopy of the larvae of Migonemyia migonei.
(A) antenna of the first instar larva (Scale bar: 5 μm). (B) antenna of the fourth instar larva (Scale bar: 10 μm). In A and B, a single apical clavate basiconic sensillum (acbs) is present at the apex of the antennae, and four sensilla emerge from a lateral groove: one smaller coeloconic sensillum (scs), two blunt coeloconic sensilla (bcs) above and flanking a clavate coeloconic sensillum (ccs).
Fig 5.
Mandible of Migonemyia. migonei larva.
Apical tooth (T1), double paired median tooth (T2), proximal tooth (T3) and molar lobe (ml). Proximally, setae of the trichoid sensilla type (S1 and S2) are present; below these is a small seta (arrow); and under the margin are the tips of three other setae (arrowhead, Scale bar:10 μm).
Fig 6.
Scanning electron microscopy of the mouthparts of fourth instar larva of Migonemyia migonei.
Head of fourth instar in ventral view. Forehead exhibits two weakly brush-like trichoid sensilla (wb-lts) inserted between and slightly forward of the antennae (ant), and long trichoid sensilla (lts) that are inserted further down toward the mouthparts, cs- campaniform sensilla; 1b –labrum; mb—mandible; mx—maxilla; me—mentum; m—mentum; s1-s6– mandible setae; mp—maxillary palpus; sts—short trichoid sensilla. The setae were numbered according to the chaetotaxy proposed herein: (1 = wb-lts) frontoclipeal anterior setae (weakly brush-like trichoid sensilla); (2 = b-lts) frontoclipeal posterior setae with barbed shape (brush-like trichoid sensilla); (3 = lts) the genal anterior seta with a simple spine form (long and bare trichoid sensilla); (4 = b-lts) the genal medial seta is barbed and brush-like trichoid; (6) the postgenal and (7) subgenal setae are simple (6 and 7 = bare trichoid sensilla; Scale bar: 20 μm).
Fig 7.
Scanning electron microscopy of the ventral part of abdomen and pseudopoda of Migonemyia migonei.
(A–C) mature larvae in ventral view (Scale bars: 100 μm, 20 μm and 10 μm respectively). (D) first instar larvae in ventral view: asc—accessory setae; pd—pseudopod; * ampliation accessory setae; brush-like trichoid sensilla (arrowhead); long and bare trichoid sensilla (thin arrow); 15 –ventral submedian. (Scale bars: 10 μm).
Fig 8.
Scanning electron microscopy of the mature larva of Migonemyia migonei.
(A) prothorax and mesothorax of the fourth instar larva in dorsal view (Scale bars: 50 μm). (B) a—accessory setae. (C) head, prothorax and mesothorax of the fourth instar larva in ventral view, brush-like trichoid sensilla (arrowhead); weakly brush-like trichoid sensilla (thin arrow); * long and bare trichoid sensilla (Scale bars: 100 μm).
Fig 9.
Scanning electron microscopy of the fourth instar larva of Migonemyia migonei.
(A) abdominal segments seven to nine of the fourth instar in dorsal view (Scale bars: 50 μm), and (B) ventral view (Scale bars: 100 μm). (C) increased area, ventral view (Scale bars: 5 μm). Setae numbered according to the chaetotaxy proposed in this study ec- external caudal; ic—internal caudal; ps—posterior spiracle; *campaniform sensilla; anterior ventrolateral (4); submedian dorsal (7); mid—dorsal (8); dorsolateral (9); post-ventrolateral (11); post-ventral (12); (Scale bars: 50 μm and 100 μm, respectively); brush-like trichoid sensilla (thick arrow); weakly brush-like trichoid sensilla (thin arrow); long and bare trichoid sensilla (arrowhead).
Fig 10.
Scanning electron microscopy pupae of Migonemyia migonei.
(A–B) emerging from a mature larva lateral view; suture (st) opened from larva tagma head; * antennae; caudal filament (arrow); long and bare trichoid sensilla (lts); brush-like trichoid sensilla (arrowhead); (Scale bars of A and B: 500 and 100 μm, respectively).
Fig 11.
Scanning electron microscopy of the pupa of Migonemyia migonei.
(A) Metathorax setae 1T in dorsal view (Scale bar: 10 μm). (B) Prothorax setae 1P and 2P in dorsal view (Scale bar: 20 μm). (C) Metathorax setae 3T in dorsal view (Scale bar: 5 μm). (D) Mesothorax setae 1M and 2M in dorsal view (Scale bar: 20 μm). (E) Metathorax setae 2T in dorsal view (Scale bar: 10μm). Setae numbered according to the chaetotaxy proposed in this study: 1P, 1T, 1M and 3T; forked-apex short trichoid sensilla (arrowhead); 2P and 2M; blunt short trichoid sensillum (thick arrow); short trichoid sensillum (thin arrow)* campaniform sensilla.
Fig 12.
Scanning electron microscopy of the pupa of Migonemyia migonei.
(A) head of the pupa in ventral view (Scale bar: 100 μm). (B–D) head of the pupa in ventral view (Scale bars: 20 μm). Setae numbered according to the chaetotaxy proposed in this study: Clypeal inferior (1); Palpal seta (2); Superior clypeal (3); Inferior frontal (4); Medial postocular (5); Internal postocular (6); External postocular (7); Medial frontal (8); Superior frontal (9); Vertical (10); short trichoid sensillum (thin arrow); * campaniform sensilla; sensilla coeloconicum (arrowhead);
Fig 13.
Scanning electron micrograph of the pupa of Migonemyia migonei in lateral view.
(Scale bars: A: 100 μm; B–D: 10 μm). as—abdominal segment; swv—sheath of wing venation; tb—tubercle; arrow pointing to campaniform sensilla; * area of increased magnification showing seta dorsal anterior (1); Internal posterior dorsal (2); External posterior dorsal (3); Laterodorsal (4).
Fig 14.
Scanning electron microscopy of the pupa of Migonemyia migonei.
(A) pupa in ventral view; (B, C and D) ventral abdominal segment of setae. (E) genital opening sheath. (F) part of abdominal segment VIII with posterior spiracle. as—abdominal segment; gs—genital sheath; sp—spiracle. External posterior dorsal (3); Laterodorsal (4); External posterior ventral (6); External anterior ventral (7); Internal posterior ventral (8).
Fig 15.
Scanning electron microscopy of the pupa of Migonemyia migonei.
(A) pupa in lateral view (Scale bar: 200 μm). (B) opening of pupa crest (Scale bar: 100 μm). (C) metathorax. (D) superior spiracle (C and D scale bars: 50 μm). Abbreviations: cr—crest; mst—mesothorax; mtt—metathorax; pt—prothorax; sc—scales (hairs) of the pharate adult; sp—spiracle; tb—tubercle.
Fig 16.
Scanning electron microscopy of the pupa of Migonimyia migonei.
(A) Female pupa in ventral view. (B) Male pupa in ventral view (Scale bars of A and B: 50 μm). s—spiracle.
Table 7.
Head chaetotaxy for pupa de Migonemyia migonei.
Table 8.
Thorax chaetotaxy for pupa de Migonemyia migonei.
Fig 17.
Scanning electron microscopy of the larvae of Migonemyia. migonei.
(A) anterior spiracles of the third instar larva (Scale bar: 5 μm); (B) anterior spiracles (sp) of the second instar larva brush-like trichoid sensilla (b-lts, Scale bar: 10 μm).
Table 9.
Abdomen segments chaetotaxy for pupa de Migonemyia migonei.