Fig 1.
(a) The inner angles of the three attackers’ triangle. (b) The pass angles (thin arc) are defined as the angles between the vector from the passer to the potential receivers and the vector from the passer and the defender. We analyzed pass angles at the passer’s ball release. The angular displacement (thick arc) is defined as the difference in the above angle from the previous pass to the current pass (both ball releases). The additional distance is defined in the same time interval by subtracting the shortest distance (to obtain the same angular displacement; black thick line in Fig 1B) from the actual moving distance (gray curve in Fig 1B).
Table 1.
Demographic and clinical data.
Fig 2.
Comparison of group coordination between two groups.
Grayscale contour plots in (a) the patients and (b) the control group indicate the normalized frequency in a three-angle space. The three angles indicate inner angles in the triangle of three attackers (see in Materials and Methods); thus, the plot was on the (two-dimensional) phase plane. The typical time series of the three angles in (c) the patients and (d) the control group are shown.
Table 2.
Performances in cognitive tasks and motor tasks between groups.
Table 3.
Correlations between variables in 3-vs-1 and cognitive tasks.