Fig 1.
Consort flow diagram of the study.
Fig 2.
CAT (pre-conditioning with lipopolysaccharide) (LPS, 1 ng/kg) exposure (inflammation) + 36 hour bed rest and fast, CTR (pre-conditioning with an overnight fast), vital parameters (V), calorimetry (C), plethysmography (P), blood sample (droplet) and muscle biopsy (M).
Table 1.
Baseline charateristics.
Table 2.
Hormones, substrates and indirect calorimetry.
Fig 3.
Hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp.
M-value (mg/kg/min) for CTR (overnight fast) and CAT (Inflammation + 36 hour bed rest and fast) are depicted with paired individual data points (white dots connected by a straight line) and means (horizontal lines). Analysed with paired t-test, p-values < 0.05 were considered significant (*). N = 6.
Table 3.
Protein, glucose and lipid kinetics.
Fig 4.
Representative Western blots of muscle biopsies during the basal (insulin -) and hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp period (insulin +). Interventions CTR (overnight fast) and CAT (Inflammation + 36 hour bed rest and fast) are depicted with individual data points (white dots) and medians (horizontal lines). Analysed using repeated-measures mixed model with Bonferroni post hoc corrections. f = significantly different from the basal period within the same intervention (p<0.05). mTOR = mammalian target of rapamycin, S6 = p70S6 kinase, 4EBP1 = Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 and ULK1 = Unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1, P62 = Nucleoporin P62, FBX32 = F-Box protein 32 and MURF1 = Muscle RING-finger protein-1. N = 6.