Table 1.
Definition of “3F” criteria for diagnosis of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI).
Table 2.
Definitions of clinical conditions associated with pathological urinalysis (leukocyturia, bacteriuria).
Fig 1.
Abbreviations: UTI urinary tract infection, USB urinary source bacteraemia, GU genitourinary, ID infectious diseases, ABU asymptomatic bacteriuria, SUTI UTI with systemic involvement.
Table 3.
Presence of “F” criteria and alternative ID diagnosis in patients presenting to the ED with bacteriuria.
Table 4.
Utility of PCT as predictor for accordant bacteraemia in all patients with bacteriuria (N = 183).
Fig 2.
Proposed algorithm for identification and classification of urinary tract infections and asymptomatic bacteriuria in hospitalized ED patients with bacteriuria.
The final diagnosis will be established after the completion of the algorithm. If BC obtained, the final diagnosis might be evident after 72 hours. *PCT at triage/ admission acceptable if duration of symptoms > 6 hours, otherwise repeat for re-evaluation if negative and highly suspected infection. Abbreviations: ABU asymptomatic bacteriuria, BC blood cultures, SUTI urinary tract infection with systemic involvement, PCT Procalcitonin, PUB paired urinary cultures and blood cultures, SSTI skin and soft tissue infection, CLABSI catheter-related bloodstream infection.