Fig 1.
Household- and sample-wise aflatoxin detection rates across localities.
(A) Proportion of households that yielded at least one sample with detectable AFB1 (>1 μg/kg). MG = Maharajganj, MN = Munger, KM = Kandhamal, and MB = Mahabubnagar. (B) Detection by district of AFB1 across samples in eight major food crops.
Fig 2.
Range of AFB1 contamination across districts by crop group.
District codes MG = Maharajganj, MN = Munger, KM = Kandhamal, and MB = Mahabubnagar.
Fig 3.
Regional distribution of sample yield across grain groups.
Percentages represent the fraction of household-derived samples collected in respective districts.
Table 1.
Crop production across cropping seasons for each study location.
Table 2.
Summary of grain storage practices across districts.
Fig 4.
Overview of locality- and crop-wise trends in procurement of food items.
Fig 5.
Local food and crop preservation behaviors.
District-wise summary of (A) household crop protection practices and (B) household food preservation practices as reported by survey respondents (n = 160).
Table 3.
Odds ratio-based index scoring system for selected risk factors.
Fig 6.
Spatial analysis of household AFB1 detection and risk index scores.
(A) Household detection status across localities. Yellow and red points represent households with no detectable AFB1 and detectable AFB1, respectively. Points were jittered to minimize overplotting. (B) Rates of correct household AFB1 status prediction using the risk index, by district. Heat-map representation of (C) district-wise average percent of households with detectable AFB1 and (D) district-wise mean risk index scores. Panel (A) was created using a shapefile from the public domain Natural Earth database (naturalearthdata.com). Panels (C) and (D) use shapefiles reprinted from the GADM database (www.gadm.org) under a CC BY license, with permission from Global Administrative Areas, original copyright 2018.
Fig 7.
Intra-village distributions of household risk scores.
Maps of households sampled in each of the nine villages, indicating the households’ aflatoxin risk index values. District codes MR = Maharajganj, MN = Munger, KM = Kandhamal, and MB = Mahabubnagar.