Fig 1.
Map showing the location of the study area (source: www.glovis.usgs.gov).
Table 1.
Detail characteristics of the study sites.
Fig 2.
Rarefaction curves of species accumulation in fallows following shifting cultivation.
Fig 3.
Dendrogram based on similarities in composition of trees in different replicates of Jhum fallows.
The values ranges from 0 (no similarity) to 1 (complete similarity).
Table 2.
Phytosociological and diversity attributes of tree species in different Jhum fallow stands in the study area.
Table 3.
Whittaker’s β index of the fallow stands in the study area.
Fig 4.
Dominance-diversity curves for tree species at different fallow age.
Fig 5.
Spatial distribution of tree species at different fallow age.
Table 4.
Relationship of Jhum fallows with topographical parameters.
Fig 6.
CCA ordination diagram showing distribution and abundance of tree species in the study area.
(a) Ukhrul where Trace = 0.799 and p = 0.001. The axis 1 accounts for 68.6% and axis 2 accounts for 19.8% of the variability. (b) Chandel where Trace = 0.541 and p = 0.001. The axis 1 accounts for 77.3% and axis 2 accounts for 14.4% of the variability.
Fig 7.
CCA triplot of tree species in Ukhrul.
(i) seedling and sapling stage, and (ii) pole and mature stage in Ukhrul from 5 years, 10 years, 15 years and 20 years fallow following shifting cultivation and its relation with selected environmental variables. Full species names are shown in S4 Table.
Fig 8.
CCA triplot of tree species in Chandel.
(i) seedling and sapling stage, and (ii) pole and mature stage in Chandel from 5 years, 10 years, 15 years and 20 years fallow following shifting cultivation and its relation with selected environmental variables. Full species names are shown in S4 Table.
Fig 9.
Total living woody biomass carbon estimates for Jhum fallow.
Table 5.
Regression models used for AGB estimation.
Table 6.
Summary of biomass carbon contributed by individual species in each fallow age.
Table 7.
Summary of LMEM across site carbon stock with environmental variable using SPSS.
Table 8.
Estimated recovery time and recovery percent for above ground biomass carbon (Mg ha-1) of 20 years fallow (JF20) against control.