Fig 1.
Geographic distribution of Shinkailepas tollmanni in the Southwest Pacific.
Stars represent hydrothermal vents with the species. DNA sequences were determined for specimens from all these vent sites. The base map was generated using the Generic Mapping Tools and ETOPO1 dataset (one arc minute global relief model of Earth’s surface) [17, 18].
Fig 2.
Shells of Shinkailepas tollmanni, dorsal and ventral views.
(A) from North Fiji Basin (SMNH-78280, DNA: AORI_YK#283), (B, C) from Manus Basin (SMNH-88557, AORI_YK#2956 and 2955), and (D, E) from Lau Basin (SMNH-78345, AORI_YK#285). All specimens were used for DNA sequencing. Abbreviations: cl, calcareous layer; ol, organic layer.
Table 1.
Locality data for Shinkailepas tollmanni used in population genetic analysis.
Table 2.
Genetic diversity of mitochondrial COI sequences in Shinkailepas tollmanni.
Fig 3.
Haplotype network (A) and mismatch distribution (B) for Shinkailepas tollmanni based on mitochondrial COI gene sequences (dataset 1 with 39 sequences of 1,276-bp long). Circle size in (A) reflects haplotype frequency; small open circles denote undiscovered haplotypes. Each line represents one mutational step. Bars in (B) show observed distribution; line denotes expected distribution under sudden expansion model.
Table 3.
Pairwise Fst values among three local populations of Shinkailepas tollmanni based on mitochondrial COI gene sequences.
Fig 4.
Biplots of first two principal components for shell morphology of Shinkailepas tolllmanni.
K-means clustering (k = 3) based on PC scores (A) and occurrences of clusters in three basins (B).