Fig 1.
Conceptual framework, adapted from Agrawal and Ribot [62] and Schlager and Ostrom [63].
Fig 2.
Sketched map of the IZ in Sri Lanka.
Table 1.
Forest cover and total population the nine CF sites.
Fig 3.
Layout of CMB and SMB blocks (a) and plot layout (b).
Table 2.
Variables used in assessing impact of the CF program on forest conditions.
Table 3.
Woody species diversity in semi-mixed evergreen forest.
Table 4.
The DID estimate of trees, saplings, and seedlings density per plot in the CMBs and SMBs.
Table 5.
The DID estimate of natural and human disturbances per plot in the CMBs and SMBs.
Table 6.
Invasive species recorded in the CMBs and SMBs according to the IUCN (2019).