Table 1.
Matrix of morphological characters.
Table 2.
Matrix of echolocation call parameters.
Fig 1.
Bayesian species tree of Molossus inferred with the DNA sequence alignment of Loureiro et al. (in review).
Numbers in parentheses represents the only nodes with posterior probability lower than 95%. The node numbers are described in Table 1.
Fig 2.
Spectrograms of typical echolocation calls emitted during search phase flight by 12 species of Molossus.
Calls from M. bondae and M. rufus were taken from Jung et al. (2014).
Fig 3.
Character mapping on the species tree of Molossus.
A- Morphological characters; B- Echolocation call characters. Each row represents a character and each color represents a character state. Cells in black represent missing data.
Fig 4.
Phylogenetic correlograms between phylogenetic and morphological distances for each morphological character in Molossus.
The solid bold black line represents the Moran’s I index of autocorrelation, and the dashed black lines represent the lower and upper bounds of the 95% confidence interval. The horizontal black line indicates the expected value of Moran’s I under the null hypothesis of no phylogenetic autocorrelation. The horizontal bar on the x-axis shows whether the autocorrelation is significant (based on the confidence interval): red for significant positive autocorrelation, black for nonsignificant autocorrelation.
Fig 5.
Phylogenetic correlograms between phylogenetic and echolocation call distances for each call parameter in Molossus.
The solid bold black line represents the Moran’s I index of autocorrelation, and the dashed black lines represent the lower and upper bounds of the 95% confidence interval. The horizontal black line indicates the expected value of Moran’s I under the null hypothesis of no phylogenetic autocorrelation. The horizontal bar on the x-axis shows whether the autocorrelation is significant (based on the confidence interval): red for significant positive autocorrelation, black for nonsignificant autocorrelation.
Fig 6.
Plots of morphological and echolocation call characters showing the frequency of p values < 0.05 in five indices (Blomberg’s K and K*, Abouheif’s Cmean, Moran’s I, and Pagel’s Lambda) according to the proportion of Brownian Motion in the phylogeny of Molossus.
Fig 7.
Independent contrasts between parameters of echolocation calls and morphological characters with significative p values (<0.05) for species of Molossus.
Table 3.
Likelihood probabilities of ancestral states of morphological and echolocation call characters in Molossus.