Fig 1.
Temporal evolutionary dynamics of historical Dutch commons.
Births or origins (a, n = 342 commons), deaths or dissolutions (b and c, n = 415 commons), and lifespans (d, n = 351 commons) based on known or estimated year of birth and dissolution for Dutch commons.
Fig 2.
Change in spatial distribution of historical Dutch commons from the 13th to the 20th century.
The figure shows the distribution, dispersion and density of commons (a) before 1200, b) 1200–1400, c) 1401–1600, d) 1601–1800, e) 1801–1900, and f) 1901-). Each black dot represents one common. Shaded areas represent 2D kernel estimations of commons density. Note: commons are plotted on a map representing contemporary, not historical terrain. Map tiles by Stamen Design, under CC BY 3.0 Data by OpenStreetMap, under ODbL.
Fig 3.
Changes in number, spatial distribution, density and dispersion of historical Dutch commons over time.
Temporal trends, shown for 50yr intervals, in a) number of commons, b) total area (Minimum Convex Polygon) occupied by commons, c) mean distance between commons, and d) mean nearest neighbour distance between commons. Figure is based on information for commons with known or estimated year of birth, year of dissolution and geographic location.
Fig 4.
Population growth and density in the Overijsselse region during ca 800–1859.
Data on population size and density are from table on page 95 in Slicher van Bath (62). Data for the period between 1795 and 1859 are based on Dutch censuses [67].
Fig 5.
Number of resource types used by historical Dutch commons.
a) Absolute frequency distribution. b) Number of resource types used in relation to year of origin of the commons.
Fig 6.
Lifespan of Dutch commons as a function of year of origination and number of different resource types used.
a) Total lifespan of commons in relation to year of origination. b) Relationship between residual lifespan (calculated as residuals from the least-squares linear regression fitted to the data shown in the top panel) and the number of different types of resources used by commons. Values in italics above the x-axis represent sample sizes. Data on number of resource types have been jittered along the x-axis, but statistical analyses were based on the original data.
Table 1.
Lifespan of commons in relation to year of origination and resource use.