Fig 1.
A. Geographic location and B, integrated stratigraphic section of Centinela del Mar locality (General Alvarado County, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina).
Fig 2.
A, Coastal cliff showing detail of Lithofacies I (38° 25´ 30´´ S, 58° 10´ 48´´ W; B, in situ fish bones belonging to Rhamdia sp.; C, the same specimen of Rhamdia sp., cleaned.
Fig 3.
Pimelodella sp. A-C, right proximal pectoral spine (MPH-P 917); D, distal end of pectoral spine (MLP 04-V-2-502). A, posterior, B, anterior, and C, ventral, and D, dorsal views. Abbreviations: a, apex; ad, anterior denticles; ap, anterior process; dp, dorsal process; pd, posterior denticles; pf, posterior fossa; vp, ventral process. Scale bar: 1 mm.
Fig 4.
Rhamdia sp. A-E, specimen MPH-P 918; F-G, specimen MPH-P 919; H-M, specimen MLP 04-V-2-386. A, right pterotic in dorsal view; B left pterotic in dorsal view; C, right frontal in dorsal view; D, left frontal in dorsal view; E, mesethmoid in dorsal view; F,G fragment of pectoral spine in F, side and G, posterior views; H, fragment of parietosupraoccipital in dorsal view; I, left frontal in dorsal view; J, lateral ethmoid in dorsal view; K, right fragment of cleithrum in lateral view; L,M, right hyomandibular in L medial, and M, lateral views. Scale bar: 10 mm. Abbreviations. adp, anterodorsal process; am, anterior margin; cf, anterior cranial fontanelle; ch, chondral articulation cor, cornua; pde, posterior denticles; hy, hyomandibular condyle for articulation with the opercle; lg, longitudinal groove; prs, scar for articulation with the preopercular; psoc, posterior process of the parieto-supraoccipital; S5-7, pores 5, 6 and 7 of the epiphyseal branch of the supraorbital sensory canal.
Fig 5.
Corydoras sp. A-E, pectoral spines, A (MLP 04-V-2-455), B (MLP 04-V-2-488), C-E (MPH-P 915) in A,B,D, anterior; C, posterior; and E, lateral views; F, isolated fossil bones found after sieving of the sediment; G-I, cleithrum (MLP 04-V-2-364); J, opercle (MPH-P 916); K, parieto-supraoccipital bone (MLP 04-V-2-471) in dorsal view; L-M frontals L, (CFA-IC-9218) comparative extant Corydoras paleatus and M, (MLP 04-V-2-360) Corydoras sp. Scale bar: 5 mm (A-E, G-M) and 10 mm (F). Abbreviations: ac: articular cavity; ap, anterior process; cf, cranial fontanelle; dp, dorsal process; fa: facet for articulation; klo: keel for insertion of levator operculi; pde, posterior denticles; psoc, posterior process of parieto-supraoccipital; pl: posterior lamina laterally; vp, ventral process.
Fig 6.
A-D, Odontesthes sp. A, right dentary in lateral view (MLP 04-V-2-385); B, fragmentary right hyomandibular in medial view (MLP 04-V-2-222) C, right premaxilla (MLP 04-V-2-452), and D, vomer (MLP 04-V-2-451) in ventral view; E-G, Oligosarcus sp., left dentary (MLP 04-V-2-318) in E, medial, F, lateral, and G, occlusal views; H, left maxilla (MLP 04-V-2-419) in lateral view; and I, Jenynsia sp., left premaxilla (MLP 04-V-2-225) in lateral view. Scale bar: A-H, 10 mm.; G, 5 mm. Abbreviations: ap, anterior process; pp, posterior process; sy, dentary symphysis; ps, openings of the lateral line system; tb, tooth bases; vt, vomerine tooth patch.
Table 1.
Late middle Pleistocene fish diversity recovered in Centinela del Mar locality.
Fig 7.
Freshwater molluscs recorded in Centinela del Mar fossiliferous locality at Lithofacies I.
A-C, Biomphalaria sp. in A,B, dorsal and C, ventral views; D, Heleobia sp., several associated shells; E, Uncancylus sp., isolated and incomplete shell. Scale bar: 1 mm.
Fig 8.
Schematic reconstruction of the lacustrine water body of Lithofacies I in Centinela del Mar fossiliferous locality.
1, Odontesthes sp.; 2, Rhamdia sp.; 3, Characidae indet.; 4, Corydoras sp.; 5, Pimelodella sp.; 6, Oligosarcus sp.; 7, Jenynsia sp.; 8, Pipidae indet.; 9, Lestodon armatus; 10, Macrauchenia patachonica. Reconstruction by Daniel Boh.