Table 1.
List of the primers used for the multiplex PCR for the detection of multiple bacterial diseases in rice.
Table 2.
Bacterial strains of each targeted taxon used to validate the detection protocol.
For each taxon, the strain used as reference strain for most validation tests appears in bold.
Fig 1.
Detection of the five bacterial taxa using the newly described multiplex PCR protocol.
L: molecular size marker, 100 bp DNA ladder ready to load, Solis Biodyne, Pfs: P. fuscovaginae strain UBP735, Bg: B. glumae strain NCPPB 3923, Sph: Sphingomonas strain V1-2, Xoc: X. oryzae pv. oryzicola strain BAI10, Pan: Pantoea strain ARC10, Mix: Equal amounts of all five DNA samples.
Fig 2.
Sensitivity of the newly described multiplex PCR method compared to the corresponding simplex PCR for each of the targeted bacterial taxon.
Every reaction was performed with six samples of corresponding control bacteria at different concentrations. Lane 1: 1 ng/μl, lane 2: 0.5 ng/μl, lane 3: 0.1 ng/μl, lane 4: 0.05 ng/μl and lane 5: 0.01ng/μl, lane 6: water control. a-b: P. fuscovaginae strain UBP735, c-d: B. glumae strain NCPPB 3923, e-f: Sphingomonas strain V1-2, g-h: X. oryzae pv. oryzae strain BAI10, i-j: Pantoea strain ARC10. a, c, e, g, i: simplex PCR with only one primer pair in each case. b, d, f, h, j: multiplex PCR including the five primer pairs.
Fig 3.
Incidence of targeted bacterial taxa in two irrigated areas located in western Burkina Faso.
On the left the irrigated area of Banzon and on the right the irrigated area of Karfiguela. For each studied field, the black dot correspond to the location of the field; incidences for Sphingomonas spp., X. oryzae, and Pantoea spp. are indicated by colored dots from left to right. Gradient of red color indicates increased frequency of positive samples (incidence).
Table 3.
Obtained results in the 16 fields surveyed in Southern Burkina Faso: Pathogen incidences derived from the use of the developed molecular diagnostic tool on 16 sampled plants per field, and disease incidence estimated from symptom observations in four cells of the field’s diagonal.