Fig 1.
Brazilian map showing the states of origin of the C. moschata accessions assessed in this study.
Table 1.
Descriptors involving agronomic aspects of plants, fruits and seeds, used in the assessment of the C. moschata germplasm maintained by BGH-UFV.
Table 2.
Estimates of variance components and genetic-statistical parameters of agronomic aspects, total content of fruit pulp carotenoids, and yields of seeds and seed oil.
Fig 2.
Network of genotypic correlations of agronomic aspects, the total content of fruit pulp carotenoids, and the characteristics of seeds and seed oil of the C. moschata germplasm assessed in this study and maintained by the BGH-UFV.
The green and red lines denote positive and negative correlations, respectively. Thicker lines indicate greater magnitudes of correlation while the thinner lines indicate lesser magnitudes. Accumulated degree-days accumulated for flowering (DDF), number of fruits per plant (NFP), average mass of fruits (MF), productivity of fruits (PF), height of fruit (HF), diameter of fruit (DF), thickness of fruit peel (TFP), resistance of fruit peel to penetration(RFP), resistance of fruit pulp to penetration (RP), pulp thickness (PT), diameter of internal cavity of fruit (DIC), soluble solids of fruit pulp (SS), total content of fruit pulp carotenoids (TC), lutein content of fruit pulp (L), mass of seeds per fruit (MSF), productivity of seeds (PS), ratio of seed to fruit mass (MS/F), mass of one hundred seeds (MOHS), seed oil content (SOC), and seed oil productivity (SOP).
Table 3.
Clustering of the C. moschata germplasm assessed in this study and maintained by BGH-UFV, based on agro-morphological aspects, the total content of fruit pulp carotenoids, and the yields of seeds and seed oil.
Fig 3.
Heatmap and hierarchical clustering of the genetic distances of the C. moschata accessions, based on agro-morphological traits, the total content of fruit pulp carotenoids, and the yields of seeds and seed oil.
The coloured bars on the upper and lower axis correspond to the groups obtained in the clustering. The dissimilarity between each pair of accessions and between groups is indicated by the colour, which varies from white to red. Red indicates the pairs of genotypes with the highest dissimilarity and white indicates the pairs of genotypes with lowest dissimilarities.
Fig 4.
Figure showing the morphological pattern of fruits representative of part of the groups obtained with genotypes clustering.
BGH-4590A (group 3), BGH-5560A and BGH-6155 (group 11), BGH-5649A (group 12), Jacarezinho and BGH-117 (group 1), BGH-4598A and BGH-5639 (group 14), BGH-5548A (group 2), BGH-5453A and BGH-5544A (group 5), and BGH-900 (group 13).
Fig 5.
Dispersion of quantitative and multi-categorical characteristics in relation to the first two components: Leaf SPAD index at 21 days after transplanting (S21) and at 28 days (S28); Length of Main Vine at 14 days after transplanting (LMV14) and at 21 (LMV21); accumulated Degree-Days for Flowering (DDF); Number of Fruits per Plant (NFP); average Mass of Fruits (MF); Productivity of Fruits (PF); Height of Fruit (HF); Diameter of Fruit (DF); Thickness of Fruit Peel (TFP); Resistance of Fruit peel to Penetration (RFP); Resistance of fruit pulp to Penetration (RP); thickness of fruit pulp (PT); Diameter of Internal Cavity of fruit (DIC); Total Content of fruit pulp carotenoids (TC), and Lutein (L); Number of Seeds per plant (NSF); Mass of Seeds per Fruit (MSF); ratio of seed to fruit mass (MS/F); Mass of one Hundred Seeds (MOH); Productivity of Seeds (PS); Seed Thickness (ST); Seed Length (SL); Seed Width (SW); Seed Oil Content (SOC); Seed Oil Productivity (SOP).
Growth habit (GH); stem colour (SC); intensity of leaf green (ILG), leaf silvering (LS), intensity of leaf silvering (ILS); leaf serration (LS); presence of trichomes in the leaves (PAL); amount of trichomes in the adaxial surface of leaves (ATT); amount of trichomes in the abaxial surface of leaves (ATL); leaf recess (LR); presence of trichomes in the petiole (PTP); amount of trichomes in the petiole (ATP); green intensity of male pedicel (GIMP); format of fruits (FF); format of peduncle (FP); number of colours of fruit peel (NPC); topography of fruit surface (FT); format of floral scar (FFS); peel texture (PT); predominant colour of fruit peel (PC); depth of fruits slices (DFS); seed format (SF); aspect of seed tegument (AST); seed tegument texture (STT); colour of seed tegument (CST); colour of seed border (CSB).
Table 4.
Grouping of means of the genotypic values of the groups obtained in the analysis of variability for agro-morphological aspects, the total content of fruit pulp carotenoids, and productivities of seed and seed oil.
Table 5.
Estimates of the genotypic effects, genetic gain and new predicted averages for the accumulated degree-days for flowering (DDF), fruit productivity (PF) and total content of fruit pulp carotenoids (TC), for the top 15% most promising accessions and the controls.
Table 6.
Estimates of the genotypic effects, genetic gain and new predicted averages for the productivity of seeds (PS), seed oil content (SOC), and seed oil productivity (SOP), for the top 15% most promising accessions and the controls.