Table 1.
Summary of amplitude and latency of ERP component peaks to deviant and standard sound.
Fig 1.
(A) The experimental time-line for all experimental procedures for Y-maze spontaneous alteration test and auditory oddball ERP test (up). Detailed study design for assessing working memory ability following intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of Aβ using Y-maze(bottom). (B) Mean percent alteration of Aβ-infused (red) and control (blue) groups is depicted in the bar graph with error bars representing SEM. The value of each individual is indicated by a dot on the bar graph. Filled dots represent individual mice used both behavioral test and auditory oddball test. (C) The bar graph represents the mean and SEM of total arm entries in the Aβ-infused and control groups (Student’s t-test p < 0.05 as significance level). d: day; w: week.
Fig 2.
ERP responses to standard and deviant tones.
Grand-averaged ERP waveforms elicited by standard (dotted line) and deviant (solid line) tones during auditory oddball paradigm in frontal (top) and parietal cortex (bottom) in control (left) and amyloid-beta infused (Aβ-infusion, right) mice. Significantly different period between standard and deviant ERP highlighted by gray shade (Student’s t-test, p < 0.05). Tones were presented at time 0 ms on the x-axis. Peaks of early ERP components (P1, N1, and P2) are marked by arrows in the top-left panel. stad, standard tone; dev, deviant tone.
Fig 3.
Differential ERP waveforms between standard and deviant tones.
Grand-averaged differential ERPs between standard and deviant tone measured in frontal cortex (A) and parietal cortex (B) in control (blue-line) and amyloid-beta infused (Aβ-infusion, red-line) mice. Significantly different periods were not observed when comparing control and Aβ-infusion mice.
Fig 4.
N1 difference between standard and deviant tones.
Bar graphs represent the mean amplitude difference in N1 between standard and deviant tones in frontal (left) and parietal cortex (right) in control (blue bar) and Aβ-infusion mice (red bar). The error bars represent the SEM. Statistical analysis was performed with the Kruskal-Wallis test (* p < 0.05).