Fig 1.
Study population.
Fig 2.
A. Interregional variation in adjOR* of number of women in midwife-led care at time of birth. * Adjusted for parity, maternal age, ethnic background, socioeconomic position and urbanisation. B. Interregional variation in adjOR* of actual home births. * Adjusted for parity, maternal age, ethnic background, socioeconomic position and urbanisation. C. Interregional variation in adjOR* of episiotomy. * Adjusted for parity, maternal age, ethnic background, socioeconomic position and urbanisation. D. Interregional variation in adjOR* oxytocin postpartum among women in midwife-led care. * Adjusted for parity, maternal age, ethnic background, socioeconomic position and urbanisation.
Table 1.
Primary outcomes: Process of care and intervention rates by region.
Fig 3.
Interregional variation in midwife-led care at onset of labour and intrapartum referral* to obstetrician-led care.
* Referral to obstetrician-led care during labour: Only women in midwife-led care at the onset of labour are shown. The reference category (OR of 1.0) is the weighted overall rate of the country.
Fig 4.
Interregional variation in actual home birth and oxytocin postpartum in midwife-led care.
The reference category (OR of 1.0) is the weighted overall rate of the country.
Fig 5.
Interregional variation in episiotomy in vaginal births at the time of birth.
The reference category (OR of 1.0) is the weighted overall rate of the country.
Fig 6.
A. Crude incidences of episiotomy and 3rd/4th degree perineal tear for nulliparous women with vaginal births. Correlation between adjusted ORs of episiotomy and of 3rd/4th degree perineal tear among all women is rho = - 0.20. B. Crude incidences of episiotomy and 3rd/4th degree perineal tear for multiparous women with vaginal births. Correlation between adjusted ORs of episiotomy and of 3rd/4th degree perineal tear among all women is rho = - 0.20.
Fig 7.
Interregional variation in artificial rupture of membranes in midwife-led care at onset of labour.