Fig 1.
Template with landmarks (black), curve and surface semilandmarks (red and light blue, respectively) digitized on a left talus. See Table 1 for a detailed description of the anatomical landmarks.
Table 1.
List of anatomical landmarks of the template for the GM analysis of the talus.
Type of landmarks according to Bookstein [73].
Fig 2.
The left talus of BO-F-45 individual of Bologna (a) and the cutting plane used for the virtual resection (resected area in light blue) (b). Estimation of (semi)landmarks and reconstruction of the missing portion (in gray) based on the mean of both the Bologna sample (c, d) and the pooled sample (e, f).
Fig 3.
Shape space PCA plot of the pooled sample and shape warps along axes.
Sassari individuals are in black, Bologna individuals in blue and New York individuals in red. Intragroup allometric trajectory (black for Sassari, blue for Bologna and red for New York) are shown in the PCA plot. The deformed mean tali in the four directions of the PCs are drawn at the extremity of each axis.
Fig 4.
Form space PCA plot of the pooled sample and shape warps along axes.
Sassari individuals are in black, Bologna individuals in blue and New York individuals in red. Intragroup allometric trajectory (black for Sassari, blue for Bologna and red for New York) are shown in the PCA plot. The deformed mean tali in the four directions of the PCs are drawn at the extremity of each axis.
Table 2.
Accuracy of classification using shape, form variables and centroid size of each population and pooled sample.
Fig 5.
Shape (left) and form (right) space PCA plots for Sassari (a and d), Bologna (b and e) and New York (c and f). The deformed mean tali in the four directions of the PCs are drawn at the extremity of each axis.
Fig 6.
Form space PCA plots of the Bologna sample (a) and pooled sample (b). The green star represents the BO-F-45 talus reconstructed based on the Bologna sample mean (projected in PCA plot of Bologna displayed in a) and the pooled sample mean (projected in PCA plot of pooled sample displayed in b).