Fig 1.
Alpha diversity between obese-T2DM patients.
(A) Comparison of Boxplots depicting OTU/Diversity between obese-T2DM patients (n = 40) and healthy participants (n = 20). (B) The Shannon Wiener index representing the number of species and uniformity of individual distribution between obese-T2DM patients (n = 40) and healthy participants (n = 20).
Fig 2.
Beta-diversity of the gut microbial communities in obese-T2DM patients and healthy participants.
Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) plot based on weighted and unweighted UniFrac distance. Each dot represents one sample from each group.
Table 1.
Anthropometric and biochemical parameters of participants.
Table 2.
The relative abundance of gut microbiota at phylum, class and genus level between obese-T2DM patients (n = 40) and healthy participants (n = 20) after FDR adjustment using Kruskal-Wallis rank-sum tests.
Fig 3.
The relative abundance of gut bacteria in obese-T2DM patients and healthy participants using Kruskal-Wallis rank-sum tests.
(A) Relative percentage of most abundant phyla between obese-T2DM patients (n = 40) and healthy individuals (n = 20). (B) Relative percentage of most abundant phyla in each sample between obese-T2DM patients (n = 40) and healthy individuals. (C) Relative abundance of bacteria at class level in obese-T2DM patients (n = 40) and healthy participants (n = 20).
Table 3.
Gut microbiota present exclusively in either obese-T2DM patients (n = 40) or healthy participants (n = 20).
Fig 4.
Correlations between fasting glucose and gut microbiota in fecal samples of participants.
Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between obese-T2DM (n = 40) and healthy (n = 20). (A) Correlation between fasting glucose and phylum Actinobacteria. (B) Correlation between fasting glucose and phylum Firmicutes (ρ = 0.246, p = 0.05). (C) Correlation between fasting glucose and phylum Proteobacteria (ρ = -0.253, p = 0.05). (D) Correlation between fasting glucose and Bacteroidetes (ρ = -0.205, p = 0.11).