Table 1.
An overview of demographics, PSQI, sleep duration, and sleep quality at baseline for all participants (mean ± SD).
Fig 1.
Thermal QST data before and after total sleep deprivation (mean ± SD).
A significant decrease in cold pain threshold (CPT) was found after total sleep deprivation (Post-TSD) compared to before TSD (Pre-TSD), whereas cold and warm detection thresholds (CDT and WDT), and heat pain threshold (HPT) were unaffected. *, p < 0.05.
Fig 2.
Cuff induced pain detection and tolerance thresholds before and after total sleep deprivation (mean ± SD).
Cuff induced pain detection (cPDT) and tolerance thresholds (cPTT) significantly decreased after total sleep deprivation (Post-TSD) compared with before TSD (Pre-TSD). *, p < 0.05.
Fig 3.
Temporal summation of pain before and after total sleep deprivation (mean ± SD).
Temporal summation of pain was significantly increased after total sleep deprivation (Post-TSD) compared to before TSD (Pre-TSD). *, p < 0.05.
Fig 4.
Conditioned pain modulation before and after total sleep deprivation (mean ± SD).
Conditioned pain modulation is assessed using an unconditioned (white bars) and conditioned cuff pain detection threshold (cPDT). Subjects displayed a significant (*, P<0.05) increase in conditioned cPDT compared with unconditioned cPDT at baseline but not following 24 hours of total sleep deprivation (TSD).