Fig 1.
Participatory sensing system.
Fig 2.
Event sharing system using real identities.
Fig 3.
Event sharing system using anonymous identities.
Fig 4.
The architecture of BPRF.
Table 1.
Notations.
Fig 5.
The overview of BPRF.
Table 2.
Implementation of basic crypto operations.
Table 3.
Evaluation (r: Number of revoked users, neg: Negligible time, −: The function is not executed on the target device).
†: This can be implemented faster by using multi-exponentiation and Java Native Interface (JNI) [30].
Table 4.
Overhead comparison between BPRF and the work of [8].
|R|: Number of members in a ring signature group †: The result was measured in AMAZON EC2 c4.8xlarge virtual machines when five servers are used for the preparation step. ‡: ELGamal.Sig() and ELGamal.Ver() require 1 exponentiation and 3 exponentiations, respectively. §: Linkable.Ring.Sig() and Linkable.Ring.Vig() of [31] require 7 exponentiations and 4 exponentiations, respectively.
Table 5.
Comparison (W: Weak, SS: Semi-Strong, S: Strong).
Fig 6.
An example of reputation management policy.