Table 1.
Patient characteristics.
Fig 1.
Examples of lesion delineation and image quality.
Images were obtained in a 78-year-old, biopsy-naive man. DWI images (A), 2D T2w images (B), dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (C), pseudocolor maps (D), CT-MIP images (E), and CT images with blood flow overlay (F), in the axial plane are shown. In the pseudocolor map, tissue is colored according to its contrast uptake over time. Green areas represent a continuous uptake over time. Orange areas represent tissue that shows a plateau phase, and red areas represent tissue with a washout. A lesion was detected in the left peripheral zone (arrow). For lesion delineation and image quality, the score was excellent. Histopathology obtained by MRI-guided biopsy confirmed a PCa Gleason score 7 (3+4).
Fig 2.
Examples of lesion delineation and image quality.
Images were obtained in a 63-year-old, biopsy-naive man. DWI images (A), 2D T2w images (B), dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (C), pseudocolor maps (D), CT-MIP images (E), and CT images with blood flow overlay (F), in the axial plane are shown. In the pseudocolor map, tissue is colored according to its contrast uptake over time. Green areas represent a continuous uptake over time. Orange areas represent tissue that shows a plateau phase, and red areas represent tissue with a washout. A lesion was detected in the right peripheral zone (arrow). For lesion delineation and image quality, the score was acceptable. Histopathology obtained by MRI-guided biopsy confirmed a PCa Gleason score 7 (4+3).
Fig 3.
Average time curves of contrast uptake in PCa versus healthy regular prostate tissue.
(A) Dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (DCE-CT) and (B) dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI), depicted for tumors in the peripheral zone. HU, Hounsfield Units.
Table 2.
DCE-CT perfusion parameters.
Fig 4.
Visual grading characteristic curves for lesion visibility (A, C) and image quality (B, D) assessment comparing DCE-CT and DCE-MRI (A, B) and DCE-CT MIP and CTP (C, D) reconstructions. R2 scored DCE-MRI significantly better than DCE-CT in terms of lesion visibility (VGC 0.73, p = 0.01) (A). There were no significant differences in terms of general image quality between DCE-CT and DCE-MRI (B). There was no significant difference between the different image reconstructions with regard to lesion visibility and image quality (p>0.05) (C, D). R, reader; VGC, visual grading characteristics; DCE-CT, dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography; DCE-MRI, dynamic contrast-enhanced magnet resonance imaging; MIP, maximum intensity projections; CTP, computed tomography perfusion parameters.