Table 1.
Characteristics of the subjects at baseline and in relation to gender.
Table 2.
Characteristics of the subjects at baseline in relation to smoking status.
Table 3.
Beta coefficients with 95% confidence intervals from linear regression models for bone turnover markers with sex, age, BMI and smoking status as variables forced into the model, and with serum calcium, creatinine, PTH, 25(OH)D and HOMA as potential significant covariates in the 406 subjects.
Table 4.
Beta coefficients with 95% confidence intervals from linear regression models for bone turnover markers with sex, age, BMI and smoking status as variables forced into the model, and with serum calcium, creatinine, PTH, 25(OH)D and HOMA as potential significant covariates in the 406 subjects.
Fig 1.
Relation between the serum CTX-1 and P1NP in the 406 subjects.
Table 5.
Partial correlation coefficients for bone turnover markers with sex, age, BMI, smoking status, serum calcium, creatinine, PTH, 25(OH)D and HOMA as control variables in the 406 subjects.
Table 6.
Partial correlation coefficients for bone turnover markers with sex, age, BMI, smoking status, serum calcium, creatinine, PTH, 25(OH)D and HOMA as control variables in the 406 subjects.
Fig 2.
Relation between P1PN and BMD total hip in the 406 subjects.
Fig 3.
Relation between sclerostin and BMD total hip in the 406 subjects.
Fig 4.
Relation between serum CTX-1 at baseline and after four months in the 195 subjects in the placebo group in the intervention study.
Fig 5.
Relation between serum P1NP at baseline and after four months in the 195 subjects in the placebo group in the intervention study.
Table 7.
Spearman’s correlation coefficient rho between serum values at baseline and end of study in the 195 subjects in the placebo group in the intervention study.