Table 1.
Study participant characteristics.
Fig 1.
Symptom scales comparison and correlation.
The difference between the two groups for a given variable was analyzed by a two-sided t-test. The standardized difference in group means is the difference between the mean of the Post-Treatment Lyme disease (PTLD) symptoms group minus the mean of the recovered group, divided by its standard error. This standardization is done so that variables measured on different scales can be compared, and the strength of evidence for a difference between groups can be quantified. Values above 0 on the y-axis indicate higher mean scores for the PTLD symptoms group, while values below 0 indicate higher mean scores for the recovered group. P-values are given to indicate the statistical magnitude of the effect.
Fig 2.
Correlation Analysis Between Symptom Scales.
Scores were analyzed for pairwise covariation by the Pearson correlation analysis. All correlation coefficients with P < 0.05 except for the correlation between the Short Form-36 version 2 (SF-36) Physical Health Component score and the SF-36 Mental Health subscale, which had a P = 0.053.
Table 2.
Logistic Regression and Decision Tree Models performance by cohort.
Fig 3.
Post-treatment Lyme disease symptoms models.
(A)The Logistic Regression model uses the Neuro-QoL Fatigue t-score (Qol Fatigue), the Physical Functioning score (PF) and the SF-36 Mental Health component score (MCS) to calculate a logistic predicted probability of post-treatment Lyme disease symptoms (PTLDs). The equation is: . (B) The Decision Tree model categorized QoL Fatigue t-scores ≤ 42.8 into the recovered group and QoL Fatigue t-scores > 42.8 into the post-treatment Lyme disease symptoms (PTLDs) group.
Table 3.
Comparison of the mean scores used in the mean scores used in the Logistic Regression and Decision Tree Models between the validation and development cohorts.
Fig 4.
Comparison with other post-treatment Lyme disease symptoms or syndrome studies.
We compared scores from our study with the scores from 4 studies (Klempner et al.[18], Krupp et al.[19], Fallon et al.[20] Rebman et al.[23]). The Fatigue Severity Scale and modified Fatigue Severity Scale mean scores, and the Physical Health component score of the Short form 36 and SF-36 v2 were compared, and the baseline assessment point was chosen for interventional studies. *Denotes statistical significance when compared to our study with a two-sample T-test at the alpha = 0.05 level after applying a Bonferroni correction based on the number of studies being compared to our study. PTLD: Post-Treatment Lyme Disease Symptoms or Syndrome.
Table 4.
Comparison of the Short Form-36 Version 2 Subscales for patients with post-treatment Lyme disease symptoms.
Table 5.
Comparison of the Short Form-36 Version 2 Subscales for patients without post-treatment Lyme disease symptoms.