Fig 1.
Global map of land productivity dynamics showing the spatial distribution of the three Land Productivity Dynamics (LPD) classes (decreasing–stable–increasing).
The decreasing class includes areas with persistent severe decline in productivity, with persistent moderate decline in productivity and with stable but stressed productivity (persistent strong inter-annual productivity variations), as described in Methods. Land areas with no photosynthetically active vegetation are shown in grey (non vegetated land) and blue (lakes). Data source: JRC/WAD3 [4].
Fig 2.
Percentage of land with stable (green), increased (orange) and decreased (yellow) land productivity between 1999 and 2013 globally in the whole territory (Protected + Unprotected), in the whole unprotected territory (Unprotected), in all of the protected areas (Protected), in protected areas (PA) larger than 10 km2 and in their unprotected 10-km buffers (BU). Note that values do not need to add up to 100% because areas with no photosynthetically active vegetation which are recorded as null data.
Fig 3.
Percentage of land with stable (green), increased (orange) and decreased (yellow) land productivity between 1999 and 2013 in the protected areas (PA) larger than 10 km2 and in their unprotected 10-km buffers (BU) for each continent and globally.
Fig 4.
Percentage of land with stable (green), increased (orange) and decreased (yellow) land productivity between 1999 and 2013 in the protected areas (PA) larger than 10 km2 and in their unprotected 10-km buffers (BU) for each IUCN management category of PAs: Ia (strict nature reserve), Ib (wilderness area), II (national park), III (national monument or feature), IV (habitat/species management area), V (protected landscape) and VI (protected area with sustainable use of natural resources).