Fig 1.
Schematic representation of the infusion protocol.
t = 0 min represents the start of the surgical procedure.
Fig 2.
Serum L-[ring-13C6]-Phenylalanine enrichments.
Serum L-[ring-13C6]-Phenylalanine enrichments are expressed as mole percent excess (MPE). t = 0 min represents the start of the surgical procedure. Values represent means+SEM. Serum L-[ring-13C6]-Phenylalanine enrichments did not change significantly throughout the experiments.
Table 1.
Protein bound and tissue free L-[ring-13C6]-Phenylalanine enrichments.
Fig 3.
Anatomical illustration of musculoskeletal tissues and corresponding tissue protein synthesis rates.
Tissue protein synthesis rates (FSR) based on incorporation of L-[ring-13C6]-Phenylalanine in human musculoskeletal tissue protein with serum L-[ring-13C6]-Phenylalanine enrichments used as precursor pool. Values represent means±SEM.
Fig 4.
Musculoskeletal tissue protein synthesis rates.
Fractional tissue protein synthesis rates (FSR) based on incorporation of L-[ring-13C6]-Phenylalanine in human musculoskeletal tissue protein with serum L-[ring-13C6]-Phenylalanine enrichments used as precursor pool. Values represent means+SEM. The number of pairs included in each comparison for both protein bound and tissue free L-[ring-13C6]-Phenylalanine enrichments is n = 6, except for tibial bone, trochlea, notch, and patellar bone tissue (all n = 5). The right-hand section x-axis represents averaged individual fractional synthesis rates per tissue class. * Significantly different from vastus lateralis muscle, P<0.05.
Table 2.
Musculoskeletal tissue protein synthesis rates compared to vastus lateralis protein synthesis rates.
Fig 5.
Amino acid content of muscle, tendon, cartilage, and bone tissue.
Amino acid content is presented in % of total AA content. Note: Tryptophan, Asparagine, and Glutamine were not measured. ƩEAA, sum of all essential amino acids; ƩNEAA, sum of all non-essential amino acids.