Fig 1.
Each row represents an action: ‘Interactive request’ at top and ‘Non Interactive’ at bottom.
Participant’s ocular fixations in the visual scene were manipulated by the actor’s gaze direction: ‘Convergent gaze’ (see left column) when the actor’s gaze and gesture were convergent; ‘Divergent gaze’ (see right column) when they were divergent. Red circles indicate the object to which the actor’s gaze was directed.
Fig 2.
Sequence of events for the four experimental videos (i.e., Interactive request and Non Interactive Actions with Converging/Diverging Gaze directions) and the time epochs considered for data analysis (i.e., T1, T2).
The overlaid colored rectangular areas represent the adopted AOIs: Head (light blue); Hand (pink); Block (yellow) and Mug (blue).
Fig 3.
Timing of TMS stimulation was set at 5700 ms for all conditions.
This time point was set at the starting of the second action step: reaching for the mug in the Interactive condition with Convergent/Divergent Gaze (see examples) or coming back to the starting block in the Non Interactive condition.
Table 1.
Mixed model effects for the Fixation Duration variable for T1 and T2.
Table 2.
Results of the mixed-effects model.
Fig 4.
Planned contrasts on the crossed levels of the Condition and Gaze predictors.
Bars refer to the standard error. Asterisks indicate statistically significant comparisons (p < 0.05).
Fig 5.
Results showing the statistically significant correlations between the response rating to the questionnaire statements (y-axis) and the normalized MEP values (x-axis).
a) The FDI muscle activity in the Non Interactive condition Convergent Gaze was positively correlated with the questionnaire responses to the question 2 (Q2); b) the ADM muscle activity in the Interactive condition with Convergent Gaze was negatively correlated with the questionnaire responses to question 4 (Q4).
Table 3.
Cluster analysis.
Table 4.
Comparisons between Low and High Responders for each muscle and condition.