Fig 1.
Detection of DNA ladder markers stained with loading dye-type DNA-staining reagents for excitation by blue or cyan-LED light.
(a) Detection by UV (312 nm)-transilluminator system (STAGE-One, AMZ System Science) and BlookTM (470 nm, Bio-Helix); (b) Detection by blue-LED light (470 nm) excitation. SC-54 filter was used as longpass emission filter; (c) Detection by combination of cyan LED light (490–495 nm) excitation and a shortpass filter (510 nm). SC-54 filter was used as longpass emission filter. Each DNA-staining reagent was represented by underlined letters. DNA ladder markers were loaded by successive dilution. Lane 1, standard volume (5 μL (500 ng), 1 volume); lane 2, 1/2 volume; lane 3, 1/3 volume; lane 4, 1/6 volume; lane 5, 1/10 volume; lane 6, 1/15 volume; lane 7, 1/20 volume; lane 8, 1/30 volume.
Fig 2.
Schematic diagram of DNA detection system for agarose gel electrophoresis using vertical illumination system.
Shortpass excitation filter, SV0510, was used for cyan-LED light. Longpass SC-46 emission filter was used for black light system, and longpass SC-54 emission filter was used for blue- or cyan-LED light.
Table 1.
Excitation and emission wavelengths of non-mutagenic and loading dye-type DNA-staining reagents.
Fig 3.
Detection of DNA ladder markers stained with loading dye-type DNA-staining reagents by excitation with UV-A light.
(a) Detection of DNA fragments stained by EZ-Vision; (b) Detection of DNA fragments stained with Safelook Load-White. EZ-Vision and Safelook Load-White were excited by black light (~360 nm) or UV (365 nm) transilluminator system (STAGE-2000, AMZ System Science). Each excitation system is represented with boxed letters. SC-46 was used as longpass emission-filter for black light system, and the accessory filter of STAGE-2000 was used as an emission filter for UV (365 nm)-transilluminator system (STAGE-2000). DNA ladder markers were loaded by successive dilution. Lane 1, standard volume (5 μL (500 ng), 1 volume); lane 2, 1/2 volume; lane 3, 1/3 volume; lane 4, 1/6 volume; lane 5, 1/10 volume; lane 6, 1/15 volume; lane 7, 1/20 volume; lane 8, 1/30 volume.
Fig 4.
Detection of DNA ladder markers stained with SYBR Safe for excitation by blue or cyan-LED light.
(a) Detection by blue-LED light (470 nm) excitation. SC-54 filter was used as longpass emission filter; (b) Detection by combination of cyan LED light (490–495 nm) excitation and a shortpass filter (510 nm). SC-54 filter was used as longpass emission filter. DNA ladder markers were loaded by successive dilution. Lane 1, standard volume (5 μL (500 ng), 1 volume); lane 2, 1/2 volume; lane 3, 1/3 volume; lane 4, 1/6 volume; lane 5, 1/10 volume; lane 6, 1/15 volume; lane 7, 1/20 volume; lane 8, 1/30 volume.
Table 2.
Sensitivities and costs of systems implemented in the detection of DNA fragments on agarose gel after electrophoresis.