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Fig 1.

Raman spectra from 235 urine specimens from healthy individuals.

(A) Overlaid vector normalized spectra. (B) The average urine spectrum (black) with ranges of 1 (red) and 2 (blue) standard deviations.

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Fig 2.

Principal component analysis (PCA) results for Raman spectra of 235 urine specimens from healthy individuals.

PCA results based on (A) year individual was born and (B) sex of individual. (C) Contributions of Raman shift leading to separations among principal components.

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Fig 3.

Discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) results.

DAPC results for models made with the following number of principal components and percentage of dataset variability explained by those principal components: (A) 3, 90%; (B) 4, 95%; (C) 10, 99%; (D) 35, 99.9%.

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Table 1.

Rametrix PRO results showing the ability to predict whether an unknown urine specimen came from a female donor.

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Table 2.

2-Way ANOVA results based on TPD calculations.

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Table 3.

TPD results for the 30-day study.

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Table 4.

Rametrix PRO results for the 30-day study.

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