Table 1.
Composition of WPH and isonitrogenous NEAA.
Dose scaled per kg body mass (0.33 g.kg-1), and amount reported typical for an 80 kg participant. BCAA, branched chain amino acids; EAA, essential amino acids; NEAA, non-essential amino acids; AA, amino acids.
Table 2.
Plasma insulin and amino acid at baseline (0 min) and postprandial (60 min).
EAA, essential amino acids; NEAA, non-essential amino acids.
Fig 1.
Phosphorylation of mTOR in response to treatment with media conditioned by ex vivo human serum (n = 6).
C2C12 myotubes were nutrient deprived for 1 h followed by treatment with media conditioned by fasted (fast) or 60 min postprandial (fed) ex vivo serum for 4 h. Postprandial serum was obtained 1 h after ingesting WPH or isonitrogenous NEAA. Densitometric analysis of (A) mTOR phosphorylation before and after treatment with media conditioned by WPH or NEAA-fed ex vivo serum and (B) relative to fasted ex vivo serum. (C) Representative immunoblot of mTOR phosphorylation,total mTOR and β-Actin. Data reported as Mean±SEM relative to respective total proteins, **within groups p<0.01, ##between groups p<0.01.
Fig 2.
Phosphorylation of P70S6K and 4E-BP1 in response to treatment with media conditioned by ex vivo human serum (n = 6).
C2C12 myotubes were nutrient deprived for 1 h followed by treatment with media conditioned by ex vivo fasted (fast) or 60 min postprandial (fed) serum for 4 h. Postprandial serum was obtained 1 h after ingesting WPH or isonitrogenous NEAA. Densitometric analysis of P70S6K and 4E-BP1 phosphorylation before and after treatment with media conditioned by WPH or NEAA-fed serum (A, C) and relative to fasted serum (B, D). Representative immunoblots of phospho-P70S6K, phospho-4E-BP1, their respective total proteins and β-Actin (E). Data reported as Mean±SEM relative to their respective total proteins *within groups p<0.05, #between groups p<0.05.
Fig 3.
MPS in response to treatment with media conditioned by ex vivo human serum (n = 6).
C2C12 myotubes were nutrient deprived for 1 h followed by treatment with ex vivo fasted (fast) or 60 min postprandial (fed) human serum for 4 h. Postprandial serum was obtained 1 h after ingesting WPH or isonitrogenous NEAA. Densitometric analysis of (A) MPS before and after treatment with media conditioned by WPH or NEAA-fed serum and (B) relative to fasted serum. (C) Representative immunoblot of MPS (measured by puromycin incorporation) relative to total protein (loading control). Data reported as Mean±SEM, #between groups p<0.05.