Fig 1.
CONSORT participant flow diagram.
Fig 2.
Examples of simultaneous Visual Evoked Potentials (VEP) and Pattern Electroretinogram (PERG) recordings, Humphrey Field Analyzer (HFA 24–2) and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness (RNFL-T) by optical coherence tomography (OCT) from two patients with non-arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION).
Table 1.
Mean values of age, Pattern Electroretinogram (PERG) P50-N95 amplitudes, Visual Evoked Potentials (VEP) P100 implicit times, N75-P100 amplitudes, Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer (RNFL) thickness, Humphrey 24–2 perimetry (HFA) Mean Deviation (MD), and LogMAR Visual Acuity (VA) detected at baseline in Controls (C, N = 20 eyes), in patients with Non-Arteritic Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (NAION) treated with Citicoline in oral solution (NC Group, N = 19 eyes) and in untreated NAION patients (NN Group, N = 17 eyes).
Table 2.
Mean values of the individual differences (6 months minus baseline and 9 months minus baseline) in Pattern Electroretinogram (PERG) P50-N95 Amplitudes, Visual Evoked Potentials (VEP) P100 Implicit times and N75-P100 Amplitudes, Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer (RNFL) thickness, in Humphrey 24–2 perimetry (HFA) mean deviation (MD), and logMAR visual acuity (VA) observed in patients with non-arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) treated with Citicoline in oral solution (NC Group, N = 19 eyes) and in untreated NAION patients (NN Group, N = 17 eyes).
Fig 3.
Pattern and visual evoked potentials (VEP) P100 implicit time recorded in response to 15’ checks (15’) results.
(A) Mean of absolute PERG P50-N95 Amplitude values observed in NC and NN Groups. * = ANOVA, p<0.01 in NN and NC Groups with respect to baseline. Vertical lines: one mean standard deviation. The statistical evaluation is reported in S2 Table. (B) Individual PERG P50-N95 Amplitude values observed in NC eyes at baseline plotted as a function of the values of the corresponding differences at the end of treatment (6 months minus baseline). Pearson’s test was used for regression analysis and linear correlation. (C) Mean of absolute VEP P100 implicit time values observed in NC and NN Groups. * = ANOVA, p<0.01 in NN and NC Groups with respect to baseline. Vertical lines: one mean standard deviation. Statistical evaluation is reported in “S2 Table”. (D) Individual VEP P100 implicit time values observed in NC eyes at baseline plotted as a function of the values of the corresponding differences at the end of treatment (6 months minus baseline). Pearson’s test was used for regression analysis and linear correlation.
Fig 4.
Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness average from all quadrants (RNFL-T Overall) results.
(A) Individual changes detected in patients with Non-Arteritic Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (NAION) treated with Citicoline in oral solution (NC Group, N = 19 eyes) and in untreated NAION patients (NN Group, N = 17 eyes). The percentage of unmodified eyes (within the 95% confidence test-retest limit), eyes with improvement (values over the 95% confidence test-retest limit, dashed line), and eyes with worsening (values under the 95% confidence test-retest limit, solid line) are reported in “S1 Table”. (B) Mean of individual differences observed in NC and NN Groups. * = ANOVA, p<0.01 between NN and NC Groups. Vertical lines: one mean standard deviation. Statistical evaluation is reported in Table 2. (C) Mean of absolute values observed in NC and NN Groups. * = ANOVA, p<0.01 in NN and NC Groups with respect to baseline. Vertical lines: one mean standard deviation. The statistical evaluation is reported in “S3 Table”. (D) Individual values observed in NC eyes at baseline condition plotted as a function of the values of the corresponding differences at the end of treatment (6 months minus baseline). Pearson’s test was used for regression analysis and linear correlation.