Fig 1.
PRISMA diagram of search results and screening.
Table 1.
Classification of self-management support studies by condition.
Table 2.
Evidence of SMS interventions on desired outcomes.
Table 3.
Frequency of self-management components of included interventions.
Table 4.
RCTs showing positive findings for all outcome measures.
Fig 2.
Risk of bias graph.
Fig 3.
Elements for a practical approach for HCPs in supporting face-to-face SMS multi-component strategies, individually tailored for patients in primary care.
Modelled on the definition of self-management interventions by Jonkman et al. 2016 [35].