Table 1.
Number of SNP markers (N), gene diversity (HT), polymorphic information content (PIC) and linkage disequilibrium (LD) (r2, % of markers in LD at P<0.001, and LD decay in cM) for all of the chromosomes and genomes in both types of germplasm.
Fig 1.
Genetic structure of Mediterranean landraces.
(A) Estimation of the number of subpopulations (SPs) according to the Evanno test. (B) Inferred structure of the landrace collection based on 170 genotypes. Each individual is represented by a coloured bar with length proportional to the estimated membership to each of the three SPs. (C) Geographic distribution of the wheat subpopulations within the Mediterranean Basin. Circles indicate the proportion of each SP in the country. Red, SP1 (western Mediterranean); green, SP2 (northern Mediterranean); blue, SP3 (eastern Mediterranean); grey, admixture. Map source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Middle_East_location_map.svg.
Table 2.
Mean membership coefficients across the landraces from each country included in each SP.
Only structured genotypes (q>0.5) are shown in the table. q-values >0.7 are indicated in bold.
Fig 2.
Genetic structure of the modern cultivars.
(A) Estimation of the number of subpopulations (SPs) according to the Evanno test. (B) Inferred structure of the collection based on 184 genotypes. Each individual is represented by a coloured bar with length proportional to the estimated membership to each of the three subpopulations. (C) Proportion of cultivars from the different countries/regions within each SP. Yellow, SP4; blue, SP5; violet, SP6.
Fig 3.
Principal coordinates analyses based on genetic distance.
A) Landraces: red, SP1; green, SP2; blue, SP3; dark grey, admixed; light grey, modern cultivars. B) Modern cultivars: yellow, SP4; dark blue, SP5; violet, SP6; dark grey, admixed; light grey, landraces.
Table 3.
Genetic diversity and variation between the MED6WHEAT subpopulations (SPs).
Fig 4.
Un-rooted neighbour-joining dendrogram.
Colours of branches correspond to the SPs obtained by STRUCTURE analysis. Landraces (LR): red, SP1; green, SP2; blue, SP3. Modern cultivars (M): yellow, SP4; dark blue, SP5; violet, SP6.