Fig 1.
Sample of countries by level of urbanization of the population (in %), 1950 and 2000.
Sources: United Nations 2017.
Fig 2.
Average and country-specific trends in the rural-urban cohort fertility ratio over the course of the national fertility transitions (onset = year 0), cohorts 1896–1982 in 60 African, Asian and Latin American countries.
Source: WFS & DHS, MICS, IPUMS, UN historical and World Population Prospects estimates (2017). Notes: thick lines designate average within-country trends. LACarr = Latin America and the Caribbean, MENA = Middle East and Northern Africa, SSA = sub-Saharan Africa; see Table 1 in S1 File for country acronyms; the onset of the transition corresponds to the calendar year in which the national-level TFR peaked, which was then back-translated by the mean age at birth to get a cohort indicator.
Fig 3.
Average and country-specific trends in urban cohort fertility over the course of the national fertility transitions (onset = year 0), cohorts 1896–1982 in 60 African, Asian and Latin American countries.
Source: WFS & DHS, MICS, IPUMS, UN historical and World Population Prospects estimates (2017). Notes: thick lines designate average within-country trends; LACarr = Latin America and the Caribbean, MENA = Middle East and Northern Africa, SSA = sub-Saharan Africa; see Table 1 in S1 File for country acronyms; the onset of the transition corresponds to the calendar year in which the national-level TFR peaked, which was then back-translated by the mean age at birth to get a cohort indicator.
Table 1.
Median and interquartile range of the years elapsed between the urban and rural onsets of advanced fertility decline, cohorts 1896–1982 in 50 African, Asian and Latin American countries.
Fig 4.
Regional averages of the annual pace of cohort fertility decline in urban and rural areas (full and dashed line, respectively) over the course of the national and sector-specific fertility transitions, cohorts 1896–1982 in 50 African, Asian and Latin American countries.
Source: WFS & DHS, MICS, IPUMS. Notes: full lines indicate the urban pace, dashed lines indicate the rural pace; LACarr = Latin America and the Caribbean, MENA = Middle East and Northern Africa, SSA = sub-Saharan Africa; the onset of the sector-specific transition corresponds to the first cohort with total fertility below 6 children per woman.
Fig 5.
Regional average trend in cohort fertility among migrant and non-migrant women in urban and rural areas over the course of the national fertility transitions (onset = year 0), cohorts 1925–1978 in 55 African, Asian and Latin American countries.
Source: WFS & DHS with information on migration and urban/rural status of the previous place of residence. Notes: LACarr = Latin America and the Caribbean, MENA = Middle East and Northern Africa, SSA = sub-Saharan Africa; the onset of the transition corresponds to the calendar year in which the national-level TFR peaked, which was then back-translated by the mean age at birth to get a cohort indicator.