Table 1.
Inhibition of different fungal plant pathogens (104 cfu ml-1) by kochia seed exudate.
Fig 1.
Representative images of Colletotrichum graminicola in agar disk diffusion assays with water soluble exudates of (A) kochia (Kochia scoparia), (B) velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti), and (C) giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida).
Fig 2.
Inhibition of C. graminicola by kochia exudate (100 mg ml-1).
Three independently extracted exudates were tested (Ks1, Ks2, Ks3). Control samples (C1, C2, C3) were untreated cells.
Fig 3.
Phase contrast micrograph images showing vegetative growth and hyphael morphology of C. graminicola following incubation with kochia extracts.
(A) untreated, 25°C, 72 h, (B) 25 mg mL-1, 25°C, 72 h, and (C) 50 mg mL-1, 25°C, 24 h.
Fig 4.
Low molecular weight compounds present in the highest relative amounts per 100 mg kochia exudate as detected by GC/MS analysis.
Table 2.
The effect of various chemical and physical treatments of kochia exudate on its antifungal activity against test organism C. graminicola.
Table 3.
Inhibition of C. graminicola measured by disk diffusion of kochia exudates following size fractionation.