Fig 1.
Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China.
Table 1.
Surface temperature statistics in 2016.
Table 2.
Equations for estimating the average operation temperature of the atmosphere.
Table 3.
Determination of the ranges of different surface temperature intervals.
Fig 2.
Buffer map of the study area (left) and the buffer map without the vegetated and mountainous areas (right).
Fig 3.
Flowchart of the proposed method.
Fig 4.
Scatter plot of the measured air temperature and the remotely sensed land surface temperature.
Fig 5.
Spring, summer, autumn and winter temperature distributions and percentages for each temperature zone.
Table 4.
Surface temperature statistics (°C).
Fig 6.
Elevation (DEM) and the slope of the study area.
Fig 7.
Mean elevation (DEM) and the slope values for each temperature level.
Fig 8.
Scatter plot of the DEM, slope and surface temperatures.
Fig 9.
Scatter plot of the NDVI and the surface temperature.
Fig 10.
Distance to the coastlines.
Fig 11.
Scatter plot of the stable lights data and the surface temperature.
Table 5.
Cubist analysis results.