Table 1.
Species collected in Kansas.
Table 2.
Summary statistics for collections.
Fig 1.
Collection statistics for the season.
The cumulative number of species (black circles) reached a maximum of 9 in the August 15 (day 227) collection. The number of species in a collection (gray circles) hit a maximum in the September 19 (day 262) collection. The total number of individuals per day of collection (triangles) peaked in the September 26 (day 269) collection. The number of species caught increased with time (r2 = 0.483, P = 0.0005). Over the entire season, the number of individuals caught per collection day increased until the last collection, which coincided with the first frost (r2 = 0.296, P = 0.01).
Fig 2.
Presence and absence of each species across the season.
Gaps across all species reflect gaps in collections. Numbers across the bottom reflect the day of year.
Table 3.
Covariancea and correlationb of Pair-wise species abundancec.
Fig 3.
The relative abundance of the four most abundant species over the entire collection season.
Only species that were 20% or more of a single collection are included.
Fig 4.
Diversity indices calculated by date.
Both the Shannon Diversity index and the Inverse Simpson index increased between April and October.
Fig 5.
Rank abundance plot showing diversity of the nine species caught over the entire season.
The relationship fits a log series model (r2 = 0.978, P << 0.001). The species are, in order of rank, D. simulans, D. melanogaster, D. suzukii, D. algonquin, D. hydei, D. affiniis, D. tripunctata, D. busckii and D. melanica.
Table 4.
Best model parameter estimates for the four speciesa.
Table 5.
Implications of the parameter estimates.
Fig 6.
Growth rates at temperatures across the season inferred from the model.
Using φ as calculated from the data, the population growth of each species in the temperature model is plotted.