Fig 1.
Visualization of the dorsal and ventral white matter pathways in the left hemisphere.
In the left panel, the three dorsal segments of the arcuate fasciculus (AF) are presented, i.e. the long segment in red, the anterior segment in yellow, and the posterior segment in green. In the right panel, the three ventral white matter pathways are presented, i.e. the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF) in blue, the uncinate fasciculus (UF) in pink and the inferior longitudinal fasciculus in orange.
Table 1.
Descriptive statistics of the adolescents and their fathers.
Mean, standard deviation (SD), minimum and maximum scores are presented in the table. For each variable, the sample size (N) is presented.
Fig 2.
Schematic overview of the relation between environmental influences, quantified by paternal educational level, dorsal and ventral white matter structure and word reading of the offspring.
Note that all arrows are bidirectional.
Fig 3.
Visual representation of the relation between paternal educational level and FA of the left long AF segment (top panel) and FA of the left UF (bottom panel).
The error bars represent the 95% confidence interval (CI).